Two‐Dimensional Transition Metal Carbides and Nitrides (MXenes): Synthesis, Properties, and Electrochemical Energy Storage Applications
Two‐Dimensional Transition Metal Carbides and Nitrides (MXenes): Synthesis, Properties, and Electrochemical Energy Storage Applications
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二维过渡金属碳化物和氮化物 (MXene)：合成、性质和电化学储能应用
DOI：
10.1002/eem2.12058
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发表时间：
2020
影响因子：
15
通讯作者：
Frank Nüesch
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Chuanfang Zhang;Yonglu Ma;Xuetao Zhang;Sina Abdolhosseinzadeh;Hongwei Sheng;Wei Lan;Amir Pakdel;Jakob Heier;Frank Nüesch
自2011年发现Ti3C2以来，被称为MXenes的2D过渡金属碳化物和氮化物家族受到了越来越多的关注。到目前为止，已经合成了大约30种结构和性质明确的MXenes，理论上预计还会有更多的MXenes。由于MXenes具有优异的力学性能、金属导电性、独特的面内各向异性结构、可调带隙等众多优点，MXenes迅速定位于2D材料世界的前沿，并发现了许多有前途的应用。特别感兴趣的是在电化学能量存储方面的应用，其中2D MXenes既可以作为电极、添加剂、分离器，也可以作为主体。本文综述了MXene的合成、基本性质和复合材料方面的最新进展，并重点介绍了MXene电极/器件的最新电化学性能。综述了超级电容器和锂离子电池、锂-S电池、钠离子电池和其他碱金属离子电池领域的进展，并提出了MXenes在这一蓬勃发展的储能领域面临的挑战和新的机遇。人们关注的焦点是提高设备级性能的可能性，特别是可充电电池的性能，这在未来的能源技术中至关重要。最近，2019年诺贝尔化学奖被授予锂离子电池的发明者。可以肯定的是，这将为研究电化学储能的基本方面提供额外的刺激。
A family of 2D transition metal carbides and nitrides known as MXenes has received increasing attention since the discovery of Ti3C2in 2011. To date, about 30 different MXenes with well‐defined structures and properties have been synthesized, and many more are theoretically predicted to exist. Due to the numerous assets including excellent mechanical properties, metallic conductivity, unique in‐plane anisotropic structure, tunable band gap, and so on, MXenes rapidly positioned themselves at the forefront of the 2D materials world and have found numerous promising applications. Particular interest is devoted to applications in electrochemical energy storage, whereby 2D MXenes work either as electrodes, additives, separators, or hosts. This review summarizes recent advances in the synthesis, fundamental properties and composites of MXene and highlights the state‐of‐the‐art electrochemical performance of MXene‐based electrodes/devices. The progresses in the field of supercapacitors and Li‐ion batteries, Li‐S batteries, Na‐ and other alkali metal ion batteries are reviewed, and current challenges and new opportunities for MXenes in this surging energy storage field are presented. In the focus of interest is the possibility to boost device‐level performance, particularly that of rechargeable batteries, which are of utmost importance in future energy technologies. Very recently, the 2019 Nobel Prize in Chemistry was awarded to the inventors of the Li‐ion battery. For sure, this will provide an additional stimulation to study fundamental aspects of electrochemical energy storage.