Simulation in healthcare education: A best evidence practical guide. AMEE Guide No. 82
Simulation in healthcare education: A best evidence practical guide. AMEE Guide No. 82
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DOI：
10.3109/0142159x.2013.818632
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发表时间：
2013-01-01
期刊：
影响因子：
4.7
通讯作者：
Issenberg, S. Barry
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Motola, Ivette;Devine, Luke A.;Issenberg, S. Barry
在过去的二十年里，在国际医疗保健教育中，模拟的采用呈指数级增长。医学已经从建立了模拟训练项目的专业中学到了很多东西，比如航空、军事和太空探索。对培训时间的需求增加，有限的患者接触，以及对患者安全的关注，导致了医疗保健教育的新范式，越来越多地涉及技术和创新方式来提供标准化的课程。一个强大的文学机构正在增长，寻求回答如何最好地使用模拟在医疗保健教育的问题。基于医学教育最佳证据（BEME）指南关于模拟器功能的基础，该指南提供了实用的指导，以帮助教育工作者有效地使用模拟进行培训。这是一次有选择的审查，介绍最佳做法和说明性案例研究。本指南是关于医疗教育模拟的AMEE指南的第二部分。第一个指南侧重于建立一个模拟程序，并讨论了更多的操作主题，如模拟器的类型，模拟中心的结构和设置，保真度管理和场景工程，以及教师的准备。本指南将重点介绍导致有效学习的教育原则，并包括反馈和汇报，刻意练习和课程整合等主题-所有这些都是模拟功效的核心。掌握学习，难度范围，捕捉临床变化，个性化学习的重要课题也进行了检查。最后，我们讨论了团队训练的方法，并提出了未来的发展方向。每一节都遵循一个背景和定义的框架，它对有效使用模拟的重要性，实例的实际要点，以及通常遇到的挑战。基于模拟的医疗保健教育在整个医疗保健教育过程中具有巨大的潜力，从本科到继续教育。它也可以用来培训各种医疗保健提供者在不同的学科从新手到专家。本指南旨在为医疗保健教育工作者提供工具，以充分利用这种学习方式。
Over the past two decades, there has been an exponential and enthusiastic adoption of simulation in healthcare education internationally. Medicine has learned much from professions that have established programs in simulation for training, such as aviation, the military and space exploration. Increased demands on training hours, limited patient encounters, and a focus on patient safety have led to a new paradigm of education in healthcare that increasingly involves technology and innovative ways to provide a standardized curriculum. A robust body of literature is growing, seeking to answer the question of how best to use simulation in healthcare education. Building on the groundwork of the Best Evidence in Medical Education (BEME) Guide on the features of simulators that lead to effective learning, this current Guide provides practical guidance to aid educators in effectively using simulation for training. It is a selective review to describe best practices and illustrative case studies. This Guide is the second part of a two-part AMEE Guide on simulation in healthcare education. The first Guide focuses on building a simulation program, and discusses more operational topics such as types of simulators, simulation center structure and set-up, fidelity management, and scenario engineering, as well as faculty preparation. This Guide will focus on the educational principles that lead to effective learning, and include topics such as feedback and debriefing, deliberate practice, and curriculum integration - all central to simulation efficacy. The important subjects of mastery learning, range of difficulty, capturing clinical variation, and individualized learning are also examined. Finally, we discuss approaches to team training and suggest future directions. Each section follows a framework of background and definition, its importance to effective use of simulation, practical points with examples, and challenges generally encountered. Simulation-based healthcare education has great potential for use throughout the healthcare education continuum, from undergraduate to continuing education. It can also be used to train a variety of healthcare providers in different disciplines from novices to experts. This Guide aims to equip healthcare educators with the tools to use this learning modality to its full capability.