Something worth remembering: visual discrimination in sharks
Something worth remembering: visual discrimination in sharks
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DOI：
10.1007/s10071-014-0815-3
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发表时间：
2015-03-01
期刊：
影响因子：
2.7
通讯作者：
Schluessel, Vera
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Fuss, Theodora;Schluessel, Vera
本研究采用二选择强迫选择实验对灰竹鲨幼鲨的记忆保持能力进行了研究。这些鲨鱼之前接受过一系列视觉辨别任务的训练，比如区分正方形、三角形和直线，以及它们相应的视错觉（即，Kanizsa数字或Muller-Lyer错觉），在本研究中，我们测试了他们的记忆保持能力。尽管没有强化，鲨鱼记住了长达50周的学习信息，之后测试被终止。鱼类和其他脊椎动物一样，记忆窗口的持续时间因物种和任务而异;虽然长时间甚至无限期地保留某些信息似乎是有益的，但为了保持灵活性和节省能量，其他信息可能更容易被遗忘。这项研究的结果表明，鲨鱼能够在选定的认知技能框架内进行长期记忆。这些可以帮助鲨鱼进行诸如食物获取、捕食者回避、配偶选择或栖息地选择等活动，因此值得长时间记住。与其他认知任务一样，种内差异反映了物种的行为广度。
This study investigated memory retention capabilities of juvenile gray bamboo sharks (Chiloscyllium griseum) using two-alternative forced-choice experiments. The sharks had previously been trained in a range of visual discrimination tasks, such as distinguishing between squares, triangles and lines, and their corresponding optical illusions (i.e., the Kanizsa figures or Muller-Lyer illusions), and in the present study, we tested them for memory retention. Despite the absence of reinforcement, sharks remembered the learned information for a period of up to 50 weeks, after which testing was terminated. In fish, as in other vertebrates, memory windows vary in duration depending on species and task; while it may seem beneficial to retain some information for a long time or even indefinitely, other information may be forgotten more easily to retain flexibility and save energy. The results of this study indicate that sharks are capable of long-term memory within the framework of selected cognitive skills. These could aid sharks in activities such as food retrieval, predator avoidance, mate choice or habitat selection and therefore be worth being remembered for extended periods of time. As in other cognitive tasks, intraspecific differences reflected the behavioral breadth of the species.