Preference for Exercise vs. More Sedentary Reinforcers: Validation of an Animal Model of Tetrabenazine-Induced Anergia
Preference for Exercise vs. More Sedentary Reinforcers: Validation of an Animal Model of Tetrabenazine-Induced Anergia
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DOI：
10.3389/fnbeh.2019.00289
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发表时间：
2020-01-30
影响因子：
3
通讯作者：
Correa, Merce
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Carratala-Ros, Carla;Lopez-Cruz, Laura;Correa, Merce
体育活动可以有内在的动机或强化属性。参与自愿体力活动的选择与其他选择有关，例如久坐行为，药物或食物摄入。中脑边缘多巴胺（DA）系统在行为激活或努力发挥中起着关键作用，DA拮抗或耗竭可导致基于努力的决策任务中的运动障碍。然而，很少有人知道的神经机制的决策过程，建立久坐与基于活动的偏好。在目前对雄性CD 1小鼠的研究中，我们评估了丁苯那嗪（TBZ）（一种DA消耗剂）对三选择T迷宫任务的影响，该任务被开发用于评估具有不同行为激活要求和感觉特性的刺激者之间的偏好[即，转轮（RW）与甜颗粒或中性非社会气味]。我们还研究了TBZ对强迫游泳测试（FST）和焦虑测试（暗光（DL）箱和高架十字迷宫（EPM））的影响，强迫游泳测试（FST）测量压力环境下的攀爬和游泳。在三选择任务中，TBZ减少了在转轮中运行的时间，但增加了消耗蔗糖的时间，从而表明减少了激活，但相对完整的蔗糖强化。TBZ的效果并没有被动机操纵所模仿，这些动机操纵改变了气味的价值，例如使RW令人厌恶或难以移动，限制动物的食物，诱导暴饮暴食的饮食模式，或者引入社会气味。在FST中，TBZ减少了时间攀爬（最活跃的行为），增加了不动性，但不影响DL或TRIM中的焦虑。这些结果表明，三个选择T-迷宫任务可能是有用的，用于评估DA调制的喜好运动的激活和努力的要求的基础上，区分这些影响的变化产生的喜好改变改变的物理要求，食物限制状态，并在测试过程中的压力。
Physical activities can have intrinsic motivational or reinforcing properties. The choice to engage in voluntary physical activity is undertaken in relation to the selection of other alternatives, such as sedentary behaviors, drugs, or food intake. The mesolimbic dopamine (DA) system plays a critical role in behavioral activation or exertion of effort, and DA antagonism or depletion induces anergia in effort-based decision-making tasks. However, little is known about the neural mechanisms underlying the decision-making processes that establish preferences for sedentary vs. activity-based reinforcers. In the present work with male CD1 mice, we evaluated the effect of tetrabenazine (TBZ), a DA-depleting agent, on a three-choice T-maze task developed to assess preference between reinforcers with different behavioral activation requirements and sensory properties [i.e., a running wheel (RW) vs. sweet pellets or a neutral nonsocial odor]. We also studied the effects of TBZ on the forced swim test (FST), which measures climbing and swimming in a stressful setting, and on anxiety tests [dark-light (DL) box and elevated plus maze (EPM)]. In the three-choice task, TBZ reduced time running in the wheel but increased time spent consuming sucrose, thus indicating reduced activation but relatively intact sucrose reinforcement. The effect of TBZ was not mimicked by motivational manipulations that change the value of the reinforcers, such as making the RW aversive or harder to move, food-restricting the animals, inducing a binge-like eating pattern, or introducing social odors. In the FST, TBZ decreased time climbing (most active behavior) and increased immobility but did not affect anxiety in the DL or EPM. These results indicate that the three-choice T-maze task could be useful for assessing DA modulation of preferences for exercise based on activation and effort requirements, differentiating those effects from changes in preference produced by altering physical requirements, food restriction state, and stress during testing.