Incidence of a skeletal deformity (truncated upper jaw) in an isolated population of white-spotted charr Salvelinus leucomaenis
Incidence of a skeletal deformity (truncated upper jaw) in an isolated population of white-spotted charr Salvelinus leucomaenis
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孤立的白斑红点鲑种群中骨骼畸形（上颌截短）的发生率
DOI：
10.1134/s0032945213100159
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发表时间：
2013
影响因子：
0.7
通讯作者：
Maekawa K
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Yamamoto S;Morita K;Yokoyama R;Miyamoto K;Sato M;Maekawa K
虽然背鳍和尾鳍畸形（弯曲），异常的体色模式，和波动的不对称性的分生特征已被报道为白斑红点鲑（Salvelinus leucomaenis），在野生环境中的发病率的畸形个体是极其罕见的。在这里，我们报告了在米代河，日本本州岛北方，上游河段的白色斑点红点鲑与极端截断上颚的脊椎畸形的个人。本研究利用多态性微卫星DNA标记对白斑红点鲑变形和非变形种群的遗传多样性进行了研究。我们还比较了个人的生长历史的变形的个人与正常的个人使用的反计算鱼的长度在以前的年龄从耳石annuli。我们收集了41和100个人从下面和上面的瀑布网站，分别。其中，两个人从上述瀑布网站是畸形的，而其他个人有一个正常的形态。瀑布上游种群的微卫星DNA遗传多样性显著低于瀑布下游种群。瀑布上游种群个体的内部相关度显著高于瀑布下游种群，而标准化杂合度显著低于瀑布下游种群，表明瀑布上游种群个体的近交程度高于瀑布下游种群。使用耳石的个体生长的反算显示，变形的个体比同域的正常个体生长得慢。虽然在野生环境中的畸形个体的发病率可能与积累近亲繁殖的建议，其他鱼类，其长期存在于野外的机制仍然不清楚。
Although dorsal and caudal fin deformities (curvature), abnormal body color patterns, and fluctuating asymmetry of meristic characters have been previously reported for white-spotted charr (Salvelinus leucomaenis), the incidence of skeletally deformed individuals in the wild are extremely rare. Here, we report on skeletally deformed individuals of white-spotted charr with extremely truncated upper jaw, in a headwater reach of the Yoneshiro River, northern Honshu, Japan. In this study, we examined the genetic diversity of deformed and non-deformed populations of white-spotted charr using polymorphic microsatellite DNA markers. We also compared individual growth histories of deformed individuals with normal individuals using a back-calculation of fish lengths at previous ages from otolith annuli. We collected 41 and 100 individuals from the below- and above-waterfall sites, respectively. Of these, two individuals from the above-waterfall site were skeletally deformed, whereas the other individuals had a normal morphology. Microsatellite DNA genetic diversities of the above-waterfall population were notably lower than those of the just below-waterfall population. Individuals of the above-waterfall population had significantly higher internal relatedness and lower standardized heterozygosity values compared with those of the below-waterfall population, indicating higher inbreeding situation of the above-waterfall individuals compared with individuals in the below-waterfall site. Back-calculation of individual growth using otoliths revealed that deformed individuals grew significantly slower than sympatric normal individuals. Although incidence of deformed individuals in the wild might be related with accumulated inbreeding as suggested for other fishes, mechanisms for their long-term persistence in the wild remain unclear.