Single-cell trajectory analysis of human homogenous neurons carrying a rare RELN variant.

Single-cell trajectory analysis of human homogenous neurons carrying a rare RELN variant.
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DOI:
10.1038/s41398-018-0177-8
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发表时间:
2018-07-19
影响因子:
6.8
通讯作者:
Ozaki N
Ozaki N
中科院分区:
医学1区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Arioka Y;Shishido E;Kubo H;Kushima I;Yoshimi A;Kimura H;Ishizuka K;Aleksic B;Maeda T;Ishikawa M;Kuzumaki N;Okano H;Mori D;Ozaki N

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瑞林(Reelin)是一种由RELN基因编码的蛋白质,它控制着发育中的大脑内的神经元迁移。人类遗传学研究表明,罕见的RELN变异会使人易患精神疾病,比如精神分裂症。然而,罕见的RELN变异对人类神经元细胞有何影响仍不清楚。为此,有必要在单细胞水平上对人类神经元动力学进行分析。在这项研究中,我们利用靶向基因组编辑技术,生成了携带一种罕见RELN变异(RELN - del)的人类诱导多能干细胞;这些细胞进一步分化为高度同质的多巴胺能神经元。我们的研究结果表明,RELN - del引发了瑞林信号受损,并降低了人类神经元中与细胞运动相关基因的表达水平。单细胞轨迹分析显示,对照神经元即使在体外也具有定向迁移能力,而RELN - del神经元则表现出一种漫游式迁移。我们在来自一名携带先天性RELN - del的患者的神经元中进一步证实了这些表型。据我们所知,这是基于单个神经元动力学首次报道罕见RELN变异在人类神经元中的生物学意义。总之,我们的方法对于研究瑞林功能以及评估精神疾病易感性(侧重于个体人类神经元迁移方面)应该是有用的。
Reelin is a protein encoded by the RELN gene that controls neuronal migration in the developing brain. Human genetic studies suggest that rare RELN variants confer susceptibility to mental disorders such as schizophrenia. However, it remains unknown what effects rare RELN variants have on human neuronal cells. To this end, the analysis of human neuronal dynamics at the single-cell level is necessary. In this study, we generated human-induced pluripotent stem cells carrying a rare RELN variant (RELN-del) using targeted genome editing; cells were further differentiated into highly homogeneous dopaminergic neurons. Our results indicated that RELN-del triggered an impaired reelin signal and decreased the expression levels of genes relevant for cell movement in human neurons. Single-cell trajectory analysis revealed that control neurons possessed directional migration even in vitro, while RELN-del neurons demonstrated a wandering type of migration. We further confirmed these phenotypes in neurons derived from a patient carrying the congenital RELN-del. To our knowledge, this is the first report of the biological significance of a rare RELN variant in human neurons based on individual neuron dynamics. Collectively, our approach should be useful for studying reelin function and evaluating mental disorder susceptibility, focusing on individual human neuronal migration.
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