A Neuromorphic CMOS Circuit With Self-Repairing Capability
A Neuromorphic CMOS Circuit With Self-Repairing Capability
复制标题
具有自修复能力的神经形态CMOS电路
DOI：
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发表时间：
2021
影响因子：
10.4
通讯作者：
B. Linares
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Ehsan Rahiminejad;F. Azad;Adel Parvizi;M. Amiri;B. Linares
神经生理学观察证实，大脑不仅能够检测到受损的突触（在脑损伤中），而且它也相对有能力修复有缺陷的突触。研究表明，星形胶质细胞的逆行信号导致突触传递的调节，因此星形胶质细胞与附近神经元的双向合作是自我修复机制的一个重要方面。具体来说，星形胶质细胞的逆行信号可以增加与神经元相连的健康突触的传递概率。基于这些发现，本研究提出了一种基于星形胶质细胞信号传导的具有自我修复能力的CMOS神经形态电路。利用自修复过程的计算模型，设计了一种新颖的180纳米CMOS模拟集成电路。结果表明，所提出的模拟电路能够通过在宽频率范围内适当修改剩余健康突触的电压信号来成功补偿受损突触。该电路的硅面积为7500 ~ $ μ ext{m}^{2}$，功耗约为65.4~ $ μ ext{W}$。这种神经形态的容错电路可以被认为是未来硅神经元系统和实现神经机器人和神经启发电路的关键候选者。
Neurophysiological observations confirm that the brain not only is able to detect the impaired synapses (in brain damage) but also it is relatively capable of repairing faulty synapses. It has been shown that retrograde signaling by astrocytes leads to the modulation of synaptic transmission and thus bidirectional collaboration of astrocyte with nearby neurons is an important aspect of self-repairing mechanism. Specifically, the retrograde signaling via astrocyte can increase the transmission probability of the healthy synapses linked to the neuron. Motivated by these findings, in the present research, a CMOS neuromorphic circuit with self-repairing capabilities is proposed based on astrocyte signaling. In this way, the computational model of self-repairing process is hired as a basis for designing a novel analog integrated circuit in the 180-nm CMOS technology. It is illustrated that the proposed analog circuit is able to successfully recompense the damaged synapses by appropriately modifying the voltage signals of the remaining healthy synapses in the wide range of frequency. The proposed circuit occupies 7500- $mu ext{m}^{2}$ silicon area and its power consumption is about $65.4~mu ext{W}$ . This neuromorphic fault-tolerant circuit can be considered as a key candidate for future silicon neuronal systems and implementation of neurorobotic and neuro-inspired circuits.