Tree gardening and taungya on Java: examples of agroforestry techniques in the humid tropics
Tree gardening and taungya on Java: examples of agroforestry techniques in the humid tropics
复制标题
爪哇岛的树木园艺和 taungya：潮湿热带地区农林业技术的例子
DOI：
10.1007/bf00044329
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发表时间：
1982
影响因子：
2.2
通讯作者：
K. Wiersum
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
K. Wiersum
农林复合系统是一个将树木和农作物相结合的土地管理系统的一般概念。对于应用，可以选择各种特定技术。这些技术中的每一种都根据一套特定的环境和社会经济因素进行调整。属于不同社会阶层和机构群体的农林种植者或管理者可能实行不同形式的农林，即使在同一个区域内也是如此。这是证明的基础上，这是在印度尼西亚爪哇岛发现的两种截然不同的农林类型。在私人土地上，植树造林或在多层农林系统中种植各种作物是一种本土做法，而在国有林地上，则实行“tagya”或幼树种植园与主要作物间作。这两个系统描述了他们的管理特点，过去的发展以及进一步发展的可能性和限制。然后对这两种做法的各种属性进行比较，如生产者群体、生产目的、种植面积、土地所有权情况、作物组合的结构安排、改进种植技术的可能性以及适用于特定目标群体的农村发展的适宜性。
Agroforestry is a general concept for a land management system combining trees and agricultural crops. For application, various specific techniques can be chosen. Each of these techniques is adjusted to a specific set of environmental as well as socio-economic factors. Agroforestry cultivators or managers belonging to varying social strata and institutional groupings may practice different forms of agroforestry, even within the same general region. This is demonstrated on the basis of two contrasting types of agroforestry which are found on the Indonesian island of Java. Tree gardening or the cultivation of a wide variety of crops in a multiple-storeyed agroforestry system is an indegenous practice on private lands, while taungya or the intercropping of young tree plantations with staple crops is practiced on state forest lands. Both systems are described as to their management characteristics, past development as well as possibilities and constraints for further development. These two practices are then compared as to various attributes, like producer group, production purpose, area of cultivation, land ownership situation, structural organization of crop combinations, possibilities for improved cultivation techniques, and suitability for application in rural development for specific target groups.