Age-related changes in neural oscillations supporting context memory retrieval.
Age-related changes in neural oscillations supporting context memory retrieval.
复制标题
与年龄相关的神经振荡变化支持上下文记忆检索。
DOI：
10.1016/j.cortex.2017.01.020
复制
发表时间：
2017
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Duarte,Audrey
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Strunk,Jonathan;James,Taylor;Arndt,Jason;Duarte,Audrey
最近的证据表明，在编码过程中将注意力引导到单个项目-上下文关联上可以改善年轻人和老年人的上下文记忆表现，并减少提取过程中对执行功能的要求。在日常生活中，有许多事件特征在争夺我们的注意力，而我们能否成功地恢复这些细节，可能取决于我们忽视他人的能力。选择性注意力的缺失可能会导致老年人的语境记忆障碍。在目前的脑电研究中，我们评估了年龄对以神经振荡为索引的选择性注意特征支持成功情境记忆提取的过程的影响。在编码过程中，年轻人和老年人被指示注意一个物体的图片，以及它与同时呈现的两个上下文细节之一的关系：颜色或场景。在检索时，我们测试了他们对物体的记忆、有人参与和无人参与的上下文特征，以及他们对有人参与和无人参与特征的信心。这两组人对有人参与的语境特征的记忆力都比无人参与的要大。然而，老年人表现出有注意和无人注意的背景特征之间的超结合的证据，而年轻人没有。Theta频段的脑电结果表明，年轻人和老年人回忆的信息量相似，但大脑行为相关性表明，这些信息支持背景记忆的表现，特别是对年轻人来说。相比之下，持续的β去同步化，表明感觉重新激活和情景重建，只与老年人的背景记忆表现相关。我们的结论是，老年人在编码过程中的抑制缺陷降低了他们上下文记忆的选择性，这导致了对执行功能的依赖，如情景重建来支持成功的记忆提取。
Recent evidence suggests that directing attention toward single item-context associations during encoding improves young and older adults' context memory performance and reduces demands on executive functions during retrieval. In everyday situations, there are many event features competing for our attention, and our ability to successfully recover those details may depend on our ability to ignore others. Failures of selective attention may contribute to older adults' context memory impairments. In the current electroencephalogram (EEG) study, we assessed the effects of age on processes supporting successful context memory retrieval of selectively attended features as indexed by neural oscillations. During encoding, young and older adults were directed to attend to a picture of an object and its relationship to one of two concurrently presented contextual details: a color or scene. At retrieval, we tested their memory for the object, its attended and unattended context features, and their confidence for both the attended and unattended features. Both groups showed greater memory for attended than unattended contextual features. However, older adults showed evidence of hyper-binding between attended and unattended context features while the young adults did not. EEG results in the theta band suggest that young and older adults recollect similar amounts of information but brain-behavior correlations suggest that this information was supportive of contextual memory performance, particularly for young adults. By contrast, sustained beta desynchronization, indicative of sensory reactivation and episodic reconstruction, was correlated with contextual memory performance for older adults only. We conclude that older adults' inhibition deficits during encoding reduced the selectivity of their contextual memories, which led to reliance on executive functions like episodic reconstruction to support successful memory retrieval.