Less is worse than none: ineffective adaptive foraging can destabilise food webs
Less is worse than none: ineffective adaptive foraging can destabilise food webs
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少比没有更糟糕：无效的适应性觅食会破坏食物网的稳定
DOI：
10.1101/2021.11.28.470273
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发表时间：
2021
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Ho H
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Ho H
消费者可以根据不断变化的资源丰度调整饮食，从而获得更好的觅食回报。虽然先前的工作已经探索了这种适应性觅食如何扩大规模以确定食物网的结构和动态，但由于感官或认知限制，消费者可能无法进行完美的饮食调整。消费者饮食调整的有效性是否会改变食物网的后果尚不清楚。在这里，我们研究了适应性觅食，特别是有效性消费者调整饮食的速度，影响饮食结构，动态，以及整个物种在合成食物网中的持久性。我们建立了代谢模型-限制最佳觅食作为适应性饮食调整和随后的食物网内的人口动态的机械基础。我们比较食物网的动态模拟共享初始状态，但不同的饮食调整的有效性之间的结果，我们发现，适应性饮食调整一般使食物网结构弹性物种的损失。有效的饮食调整，保持最佳的觅食，面对不断变化的资源丰度，促进物种在社区中的持久性，特别是减少顶级消费者的灭绝。然而，随着最佳觅食变得不那么有效，更大比例的中间消费者灭绝，并且出乎意料的是，缓慢的饮食调整导致比根本没有饮食调整更高的灭绝率。因此，食物网的反应不能孤立地从物种的反应中预测，因为即使是效率较低的适应性觅食也有利于个别物种（比非适应性的好），但会损害物种在整个食物网中的持久性（比非适应性更差）.适应性觅食是否有助于或损害物种共存在文献中一直是矛盾的，我们的发现是，它可以稳定或不稳定的食物网取决于如何有效地执行它有助于调和这一冲突。受我们模拟的启发，我们推断在真实的世界中，消费者的体型和适应性觅食有效性之间可能存在正相关。我们还推断，这种有效性可能会更高，当消费者认知完整的信息，他们的资源，或营养相互作用的驱动一般性状比特定的性状匹配。因此，我们建议可检验的假设物种的持久性和食物网结构的未来研究，在理论和实证系统。
Consumers can potentially adjust their diet in response to changing resource abundances, thereby achieving better foraging payoffs. Although previous work has explored how such adaptive foraging scales up to determine the structure and dynamics of food webs, consumers may not be able to perform perfect diet adjustment due to sensory or cognitive limitations. Whether the effectiveness of consumers’ diet adjustment alters food-web consequences remains unclear.Here, we study how adaptive foraging, specifically the effectiveness (i.e. rate) with which consumers adjust their diet, influences the structure, dynamics, and overall species persistence in synthetic food webs.We model metabolically-constrained optimal foraging as the mechanistic basis of adaptive diet adjustment and ensuing population dynamics within food webs. We compare food-web dynamical outcomes among simulations sharing initial states but differing in the effectiveness of diet adjustment.We show that adaptive diet adjustment generally makes food-web structure resilient to species loss. Effective diet adjustment that maintains optimal foraging in the face of changing resource abundances facilitates species persistence in the community, particularly reducing the extinction of top consumers. However, a greater proportion of intermediate consumers goes extinct as optimal foraging becomes less-effective and, unexpectedly, slow diet adjustment leads to higher extinction rates than no diet adjustment at all. Therefore, food-web responses cannot be predicted from species’ responses in isolation, as even less-effective adaptive foraging benefits individual species (better than non-adaptive) but can harm species’ persistence in the food web as a whole (worse than non-adaptive).Whether adaptive foraging helps or harms species coexistence has been contradictory in literature Our finding that it can stabilise or destabilise the food web depending on how effectively it is performed help reconcile this conflict. Inspired by our simulations, we deduce that there may exist a positive association between consumers’ body size and adaptive-foraging effectiveness in the real world. We also infer that such effectiveness may be higher when consumers cognise complete information about their resources, or when trophic interactions are driven more by general traits than by specific trait-matching. We thereby suggest testable hypotheses on species persistence and food-web structure for future research, in both theoretical and empirical systems.
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影响因子：
8.8
作者：
Ho, Hsi-Cheng;Tylianakis, Jason M.;Pawar, Samraat
通讯作者：
Pawar, Samraat
影响因子：
8.8
作者：
Heckmann, Lotta;Drossel, Barbara;Guill, Christian
通讯作者：
Guill, Christian
Endo, H.：“哺乳动物标本目录 5”，东京国立科学博物馆。
DOI：
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发表时间：
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期刊：
影响因子：
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作者：
通讯作者：
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影响因子：
3.1
作者：
S. Uchida;B. Drossel;U. Brose
通讯作者：
S. Uchida;B. Drossel;U. Brose
影响因子：
5.2
作者：
Loeuille, Nicolas
通讯作者：
Loeuille, Nicolas