Culture Media for the Isolation of Campylobacters, Helicobacters and Arcobacters
Culture Media for the Isolation of Campylobacters, Helicobacters and Arcobacters
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DOI：
10.1039/9781847551450-00403
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发表时间：
2012-01-01
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Atabay, H. Ibrahim
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Corry, Janet E. L.;Atabay, H. Ibrahim
历史的发展选择性培养基分离弯曲杆菌，包括选择剂的选择的理由，进行了说明。对人类疾病最重要的是耐热物种C。jejuni、C. coli、C. upsaliensis和C.拉里。发展包括允许在37摄氏度而不是42或43摄氏度下孵育的修改，以及抗生素的类型和浓度的变化，以便不抑制生物体，例如弯曲杆菌（Campylobacter upsaliensis）、C.空肠亚种doylei和部分C. coli和C.拉里。在检查食品时，通常使用最初为从粪便中分离而开发的平板培养基，有时在液体富集后使用。大多数培养基包含旨在保护弯曲杆菌免受氧衍生物毒性作用的成分。最常用的是溶解或脱乙酰化的血液，木炭，硫酸亚铁，焦亚硫酸钠和丙酮酸钠（FBP）的组合，以及血红素或血红素。富集培养基有时在降低的温度下孵育几个小时，或者有时延迟添加抗生素，以避免配方中有毒成分对亚致死损伤细胞的抑制作用。目前的ISO食品方法一般建议使用博尔顿肉汤和改性炭，头孢哌酮脱氧胆酸盐琼脂。对于水，有一种类似的ISO方法，使用普雷斯顿肉汤和博尔顿肉汤。对于某些食品，特别是生禽产品，通常会被大量弯曲杆菌污染，建议采用直接平板法和增菌平板法，包括第二种平板培养基。分离弓形杆菌的培养基与弯曲杆菌的培养基相似，不同之处在于培养时使用较低的温度，有时使用有氧气氛。对部分嗜冷弓形杆菌和嗜冷弓形杆菌进行了分离鉴定。斯氏杆菌对32 mg L-1头孢哌酮敏感，所有弓形杆菌对头孢哌酮敏感。对某些培养基弯曲杆菌中使用的粘菌素敏感。比其他两个属更难培养。选择性培养基H.幽门螺旋杆菌的分离方法已经被开发出来，尽管除了使用免疫磁珠之外，它们还没有成功地从食物或环境中分离出有机体。许多其他的类似螺旋杆菌的生物体，在各种动物的胃或肠组织样本中发现，直到最近才被成功培养。H.鸡白痢可以在血琼脂上培养，而对于其他物种，包括鸡白痢，需要更复杂的方法。bizzizeronii、黑腹蛛H. suis和H.杆状。
The history of the development of selective media for isolation of campylobacters, including the rationale for choice of selective agents, is described. Most important with regard to human disease are the thermotolerant species C. jejuni, C. coli, C upsaliensis and C. lari. Developments have included modifications to allow incubation at 37 degrees C instead of 42 or 43 degrees C and changes in the types and concentrations of antibiotics in order not to inhibit organisms such as Campylobacter upsaliensis, C. jejuni subsp. doylei and some strains of C. coli and C. lari. When examining foods, plating media originally developed for isolation from faeces are normally used, sometimes after liquid enrichment. Most of the media include ingredients intended to protect campylobacters from the toxic effect of oxygen derivatives. Most commonly used are lysed or defibrinated blood, charcoal, a combination of ferrous sulfate, sodium metabisulfite and sodium pyruvate (FBP) and also haemin or haematin.Enrichment media are sometimes incubated for a few hours at reduced temperature or addition of antibiotics is sometimes delayed in order to avoid inhibitory effects on sublethally damaged cells from toxic components in the formula. The current ISO method for foods in general recommends the use of Bolton broth and modified charcoal, cefoperazone deoxycholate agar. There is a similar ISO method for water which uses Preston broth as well as Bolton broth. For some foods, particularly raw poultry products that can often be contaminated with large numbers of campylobacters, direct plating as well as enrichment plating is recommended, including a second plating medium.Media for isolating arcobacters are similar to those for campylobacters, except that lower temperatures and sometimes aerobic atmosphere are used for incubation. Some strains of Arcobacter cryaerophilus and A. skirrowii are sensitive to 32 mg L-1 cefoperazone and all Arcobacter spp. are sensitive to colistin used in some campylobacter media.Helicobacter spp. are more difficult to cultivate that the other two genera. Selective media for H. pylori have been developed, although, with one exception using immunomagnetic beads, they have not been successful in isolating the organism from foods or the environment. Many other Helicobacter-like organisms, seen in gastric or intestinal tissue samples from a variety of animals, have not been successfully cultivated until recently. H. pullorum can be cultivated on blood agar, while more elaborate methods have been found necessary for other species, including H. bizzizeronii, H. suis and H. baculiformis.