The effects of extracellular matrix and osteogenic protein-1 on the morphological differentiation of rat sympathetic neurons
The effects of extracellular matrix and osteogenic protein-1 on the morphological differentiation of rat sympathetic neurons
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DOI：
10.1016/0736-5748(96)00008-1
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发表时间：
1996-06-01
影响因子：
1.8
通讯作者：
Higgins, D
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Lein, P;Guo, X;Higgins, D
轴突和树突的生长模式在数量、长度、分支和空间方向上不同;因此，这些过程的生长要求可能不同。为了检验这一假设，我们一直在分析培养的大鼠交感神经元的反应，三种类型的刺激：大结构蛋白的细胞外基质，基质相关的生长因子和神经营养因子。已发现纯化的结构蛋白如层粘连蛋白和胶原蛋白TV仅促进轴突生长;而基质相关生长因子成骨蛋白-1选择性地刺激树突生长。相比之下，神经生长因子调节两种类型的过程的生长。这些数据表明，与细胞外环境的过程特异性相互作用可能是神经元中细胞形状的关键决定因素。围产期大鼠交感神经元在体外培养中的生长。血清或神经胶质细胞的缺乏延伸了本质上为轴突的单个过程。暴露于成骨蛋白-1导致形成额外的过程，表达树突的形态，细胞骨架和超微结构特征。与原位交感神经元树突生长调节的观察结果一致，成骨蛋白-1的树突促进活性独立于突触或电活动，但受神经生长因子调节。在最佳浓度的成骨蛋白-1和神经生长因子的存在下，由培养的交感神经元延伸的树突状乔木的大小近似于在可比的发育阶段原位观察到的。成骨蛋白-1不促进从胚胎睫状神经节、背根神经节、三叉神经节或结状神经节获得的培养神经元中的树突状生长，这表明其形态发生作用是细胞选择性的。由于成骨蛋白-1的mRNA表达在成熟的以及胚胎靶组织的交感神经系统，我们还研究了成骨蛋白-1对来自成年大鼠的交感神经元的文化的影响。与围产期神经元获得的结果一致，成骨蛋白-1选择性地促进成年神经元的树突状生长。这些数据表明，这种基质相关生长因子不仅可以在发育中的神经系统的形态发生中发挥作用，而且还可以在成熟动物的树突结构的维持和重塑中发挥作用。版权所有（C）1996 ISDN。
The growth patterns of axons and dendrites differ with respect to their number, length, branching, and spatial orientation; therefore, it is likely that these processes differ in their growth requirements. To examine this hypothesis, we have been analyzing the responses of cultured rat sympathetic neurons to three types of stimuli: large structural proteins of the extracellular matrix, matrix-associated growth factors; and neurotrophins. Purified structural proteins such as laminin and collagen TV have been found to promote only axonal growth; whereas the matrix associated growth factor, osteogenic protein-1, selectively stimulates dendritic growth. In contrast, nerve growth factor modulates the growth of both types of processes. These data suggest that process-specific interactions with the extracellular environment may be critical determinants of cell shape in neurons. Perinatal rat sympathetic neurons grown in culture in the. absence of serum or glial cells extend a single process which is axonal in nature. Exposure to osteogenic protein-1 causes the formation of additional processes which express the morphological, cytoskeletal, and ultrastructural characteristics of dendrites. Consistent with observations on the regulation of dendritic growth in sympathetic neurons in situ, the dendrite-promoting activity of osteogenic protein-1 is independent of synaptic or electrical activity, but is modulated by nerve growth factor. In the presence of optimal concentrations of osteogenic protein-1 and nerve growth factor, the size of the dendritic arbor extended by cultured sympathetic neurons approximates that seen in situ at comparable developmental stages. Osteogenic protein-1 does not promote dendritic growth in cultured neurons obtained from embryonic ciliary, dorsal root, trigeminal or nodose ganglia, suggesting that its morphogenetic effects are cell selective. Since mRNA for osteogenic protein-1 is expressed in mature as well as embryonic target tissues of the sympathetic nervous system, we also examined the effects of osteogenic protein-1 on cultures of sympathetic neurons derived from adult rats. Consistent with results obtained with perinatal neurons, osteogenic protein-1 selectively promoted dendritic growth in adult neurons. These data suggest that this matrix-associated growth factor could play a role not only in the morphogenesis of the developing nervous system, but also in the maintenance and remodeling of dendritic structures in the mature animal. Copyright (C) 1996 ISDN.