Participation in the National School Lunch Program: Importance of School-Level and Neighborhood Contextual Factors
Participation in the National School Lunch Program: Importance of School-Level and Neighborhood Contextual Factors
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DOI：
10.1111/j.1746-1561.2009.00438.x
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发表时间：
2009-10-01
影响因子：
2.2
通讯作者：
Powell, Lisa M.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Mirtcheva, Donka M.;Powell, Lisa M.
研究背景本研究考察了污名化对（由学校一级的同伴参与代理），邻里食品环境，以及参与美国农业部国家学校午餐计划（NSLP）的人口统计学特征。方法1997年和2003年收入动态小组研究的儿童发展补充波与学校一级免费午餐合格率的外部数据相关联，学校邮政编码中的快餐店可用性，以及家庭邮政编码中的食品店可用性和社区社会经济状况。Probit模型研究了背景和人口因素对NSLP参与和免费/降价NSLP参与的影响，条件是资格。按年级分析差异。在一个孩子的学校中，免费午餐合格率高出10%，与NSLP参与概率增加1.8个百分点以及所有和高中合格学生中免费/降价NSLP参与率分别增加2.6和6.7个百分点相关。更少的杂货店和更多的便利店增加了NSLP的参与。学校附近的快餐店减少了高中生的免费/减价NSLP参与。增加的上下文因素减少了估计与几个人口协变量，特别是种族。CONCLUSIONSSThe显着的正相关NLSP参与和学校级免费午餐的资格，特别是免费/降价NSLP参与，建议耻辱，或可能的同龄人，影响参与。社区和学校的背景变量对学校午餐的摄入有显著影响，并且在高中和小学/初中学生之间的结果存在差异。
BACKGROUNDThis study examined the effect of stigma (proxied by school-level peer participation), neighborhood food environment, and demographic characteristics on participation in the U.S. Department of Agriculture National School Lunch Program (NSLP).METHODSThe 1997 and 2003 waves of the Child Development Supplement to the Panel Study of Income Dynamics were linked to external data on school-level free lunch eligibility rate, fast food restaurant availability in the school zip code, and food store availability and neighborhood socioeconomic status in the home zip code. Probit models examined the effects of contextual and demographic factors on NSLP participation and free/reduced-price NSLP participation, conditional on eligibility. Differences were analyzed by grade.RESULTSA 10% higher free lunch eligibility rate in a child's school was associated with a 1.8 percentage point increase in the probability of NSLP participation and 2.6 and 6.7 percentage points increase in free/reduced-price NSLP participation among all and high school eligible student, respectively. Fewer grocery stores and more convenience stores increased NSLP participation. Fast food restaurant availability in the school neighborhood decreased free/reduced-price NSLP participation for high school students only. The addition of the contextual factors reduced the estimated association with several of the demographic covariates, especially race.CONCLUSIONSThe significant positive association between NLSP participation and school-level free lunch eligibility, especially for the free/reduced-price NSLP participation, suggested that stigma, or possibly peers, affected participation. Neighborhood and school contextual variables had significant effects on school lunch take-up and the results differed between high school and elementary/middle school students.