Understanding Troubleshooting Styles To Improve Training Methods.
Understanding Troubleshooting Styles To Improve Training Methods.
复制标题
了解故障排除方式以改进培训方法。
DOI：
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发表时间：
1995
期刊：
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
Scott D. Johnson
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Scott D. Johnson
一个有效的培训计划，准备故障排除人员提供所需的知识，了解技术，教故障排除的过程，并提供机会，实践使用他们的知识和技能，诊断故障设备。最近的研究和常识表明，许多故障排除程序过分强调理论知识，而不重视故障排除时实际使用的知识和技能。研究结果提供的证据表明，在技术系统教学过程中使用的功能流程图，帮助学生在开发一个更准确的概念理解系统组件的功能。对口头协议的分析表明，大多数故障排除者遵循类似的故障排除过程：问题表示、故障隔离和解决方案验证。故障排除策略的目的是帮助减少潜在故障列表，直到确定实际故障。策略有两个目的：确认和探索。决策者使用各种策略来识别故障，这取决于诸如专业知识水平、系统类型和问题难度等因素。约翰逊（1991）确定了五种常见的检索策略：试错法、穷举法、局部法、半分法和功能法。虽然大多数决策者都依赖一两个最喜欢的策略，但每个策略在特定情况下都是有用的。（共26篇）(YLB)EDRS提供的复制品是可以从原始文件中获得的最佳复制品。* *
An effective training program for preparing troubleshooters provides knowledge needed to understand the technology, teaches the process of troubleshooting, and provides the opportunity to practice using their knowledge and skill to diagnose faulty equipment. Recent research and common sense indicate many troubleshooting programs overemphasize theoretical knowledge and underemphasize knowledge and skills actually used while troubleshooting. Findings provide evidence that the use of functional flow diagrams during technical system instruction assists students in developing a more accurate conceptual understanding of the function of system components. The analysis of the verbal protocols reveals that most troubleshooters follow a similar process of troubleshooting: problem representation, fault isolation, and solution verification. The purpose of troubleshooting strategies is to help reduce the list of potential faults until the actual fault is identified. Strategies can serve two purposes: confirmation and exploration. Troubleshooters use various strategies to identify faults dependent upon factors such as level of expertise, type of system, an( difficulty of the problem. Johnson (1991) has identified five common search strategies: trial and error, exhaustive, topographic, half/split, and functional. Although most troubleshooters reiy on one or two favorite strategies, each strategy is useful under certain circumstances. (Contains 26 references.) (YLB) Reproductions supplied by EDRS are the best that can be made from the original document. *********************************************************************** Understanding Troubleshooting Styles to Improve Training Methods