PXF-1 promotes synapse development at the neuromuscular junction in Caenorhabditis elegans.

PXF-1 promotes synapse development at the neuromuscular junction in Caenorhabditis elegans.
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DOI:
10.3389/fnmol.2022.945680
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发表时间:
2022
影响因子:
4.8
通讯作者:
Cherra, Salvatore J., III
Cherra, Salvatore J., III
中科院分区:
医学2区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Lamb, Reagan;Dhar, Bithika;Cherra, Salvatore J., III

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鸟嘌呤核苷酸交换因子 (GEF) 是调节小 G 蛋白信号传导的蛋白质家族。作用于 Rap 的 GEF 亚家族(称为 RapGEF)的突变与神经系统疾病有关,敲除小鼠表现出神经元活动受损。然而,RapGEF 在神经系统中的确切功能仍不清楚。在这里,我们使用秀丽隐杆线虫神经肌肉接头来研究 RapGEF 同源物 PXF-1 如何调节突触功能。我们发现 pxf-1 功能缺失突变会降低神经肌肉接头处的胆碱能活性。我们观察到PXF-1在神经系统中表达,其在神经元中的表达足以促进突触活动。在 pxf-1 突变动物中,胆碱能运动神经元中的突触小泡水平降低,但突触总数没有变化。除了突触小泡蛋白外,我们还发现丝状肌动蛋白(新生突触的支架)在 pxf-1 突变动物中胆碱能突触发育过程中减少。我们的研究表明,PXF-1 通过促进肌动蛋白丝的形成来支持运动神经元突触的发育来调节神经肌肉功能。
Guanine nucleotide exchange factors (GEFs) are a family of proteins that modulate small G protein signaling. Mutations in a subfamily of GEFs that act on Rap, known as RapGEFs, have been associated with neurological disorders, and knockout mice display impairments in neuronal activity. However, the precise functions of RapGEFs in the nervous system remain unclear. Here, we have used the Caenorhabditis elegans neuromuscular junction, to investigate how the RapGEF homolog, PXF-1, regulates synaptic function. We found that loss of function mutations in pxf-1 reduced cholinergic activity at the neuromuscular junction. We observed that PXF-1 is expressed in the nervous system, and its expression in neurons is sufficient to promote synaptic activity. In pxf-1 mutant animals, there is a reduction in the levels of synaptic vesicles in cholinergic motor neurons but no change in the overall synapse numbers. In addition to synaptic vesicles proteins, we also found that filamentous actin, a scaffold for nascent synapses, was reduced at developing cholinergic synapses in pxf-1 mutant animals. Our studies indicate that PXF-1 regulates neuromuscular function by promoting the formation of actin filaments to support the development of motor neuron synapses.
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