Association of chili pepper consumption, low socioeconomic status and longstanding gallstones with gallbladder cancer in a Chilean population
Association of chili pepper consumption, low socioeconomic status and longstanding gallstones with gallbladder cancer in a Chilean population
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DOI：
10.1002/ijc.10716
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发表时间：
2002-12-01
影响因子：
6.4
通讯作者：
Tajima, K
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Serra, I;Yamamoto, M;Tajima, K
我们探讨了胆囊癌的危险因素，以及自20世纪70年代以来智利胆囊癌发病率急剧和持续上升的原因。我们用条件Logistic回归分析比较了连续114例确诊为胆囊癌的1992-1995年间胆囊癌患者和114例匹配的住院胆结石患者。低文化程度与胆囊癌发病无显著正相关[优势比(OR)=2.3，95%可信区间(CI)0.8~6.2]，而社会经济水平低与胆囊癌发病有显著相关性(OR=5.0，95%CI 1.5~17.3)。有很长时间胆结石病史的患者明显更多(OR=11.0，95%可信区间1.4~85.2)。胆囊癌患者摄入红辣椒显著(OR=2.9，95%可信区间1.6~5.2)。同时摄入新鲜水果和糖作为软饮料与胆囊癌有关，OR值分别为6.4(95%CI 1.4~30.3)和3.6(95%CI 1.3~10.1)。多因素分析显示，社会经济地位低和食用红辣椒是胆囊癌的显著独立危险因素，其OR值分别为6.3(95%CI 1.7~23.0)和3.2(95%CI 1.7~5.9)。长期存在的胆结石病例被从多变量模型中剔除，因为所有病例都属于低社会经济群体和非常低的社会经济群体，这加强了这种联系。胆囊癌患者与对照组的不同之处在于，患者的社会经济水平较低，胆结石病史要长得多，并且呈现出以高红辣椒摄入量和低新鲜水果摄入量为特征的饮食模式。(C)2002年Wiley-Liss，Inc.
We explored the risk factors for gallbladder cancer and explanations for its sharp and constant incidence increase in Chile since the 1970s. We compared 114 consecutive patients with verified gallbladder cancer, diagnosed 1992-1995, to 114 matched hospital patients with gallstones, using conditional logistic regression analysis. Low education showed a nonsignificant positive relationship with gallbladder cancer [odds ratio (OR) = 2.3, 95% confidence interval (CI) 0.8-6.2], and low socioeconomic level showed a significant relationship (OR = 5.0, 95% CI 1.5-17.3). A very long history of gallstone disease was significantly more prevalent among cases (OR = 11.0, 95% CI 1.4-85.2). Significant red chili pepper consumption was observed in gallbladder cancer patients (OR = 2.9, 95% CI 1.6-5.2). Low intake of both fresh fruit and sugar as soft drinks was associated with gallbladder cancer, with ORs of 6.4 (95% CI 1.4-30.3) and 3.6 (95% CI 1.3-10.1), respectively. Multivariate analysis kept only a very low socioeconomic status and red chili pepper consumption as significant independent risk factors for gallbladder cancer, ORs of 6.3 (95% CI 1.7-23.0) and 3.2 (95% CI 1.7-5.9). Long-standing gallstone cases were removed from the multivariate model because all were in the low and very low socioeconomic groups, reinforcing the association. Patients with gallbladder cancer differed from matched controls by exhibiting lower socioeconomic levels, having a much longer history of gallstone disease and presenting a dietary pattern characterized by high red chili pepper consumption and low fresh fruit intake. (C) 2002 Wiley-Liss, Inc.