Atmospheric Noble Gases
Atmospheric Noble Gases
复制标题
大气稀有气体
DOI：
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发表时间：
2000
期刊：
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
P. Schlosser
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
M. Stute;P. Schlosser
溶解在地表水和地下水中的大部分气体，主要是N2、O2和稀有气体He、Ne、Ar、Kr和H2O，都来自大气。每当水与大气或其他相（如天然气、石油和固体有机物）接触时，气体就会交换，各个相的气体浓度记录了这些过程的一些特征。即使在没有单独的气相的情况下，水体中的溶解气体浓度也可能由于分子扩散以及在各种空间和时间尺度上的混合而改变。然而，在许多情况下，大多数这些过程对溶解气体浓度的影响很小，并且可以从溶解气体的测量浓度重建主导过程。本章涉及溶解在地下水中的大气惰性气体，由于缺乏影响这些气体的化学反应，这些气体可靠地记录了某些物理过程的信息。过去40年来进行的研究表明，溶解在地下水中的大气惰性气体提供了关于古气候的宝贵信息，特别是补给时的温度、地下水流的动态以及脱氮和耗氧率。
A large fraction of gases dissolved in surface and groundwater, mainly N2, O2 and the noble gases He, Ne, Ar, Kr and Xe, originate from the atmosphere. Whenever water comes into contact with the atmosphere, or other phases such as natural gas, oil and solid organic matter, gases are exchanged and gas concentrations of the individual phases record some characteristics of these processes. Even in the absence of a separate gas phase, dissolved gas concentrations in a water parcel may change as a result of molecular diffusion, and mixing on a variety of space and time scales. However, in many cases the impacts of most of these processes on the dissolved gas concentrations are small and the dominating processes may be reconstructed from the measured concentrations of the dissolved gases. This chapter deals with atmospheric noble gases dissolved in groundwater, which reliably record information on certain physical processes due to the lack of chemical reactions which affect them. As has been shown in studies performed over the past 40 years, atmospheric noble gases dissolved in groundwater yield valuable information on palaeoclimate, in particular temperature at the time of recharge, dynamics of groundwater flow, and denitrification and oxygen consumption rates.