Molecular prevalence of Chlamydia and Chlamydia-like bacteria in Tunisian domestic ruminant farms and their influencing risk factors
Molecular prevalence of Chlamydia and Chlamydia-like bacteria in Tunisian domestic ruminant farms and their influencing risk factors
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DOI：
10.1111/tbed.12757
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发表时间：
2018-04-01
影响因子：
4.3
通讯作者：
Gdoura, R.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Barkallah, M.;Jribi, H.;Gdoura, R.
众所周知，衣原体和类似衣原体的细菌可以感染几种生物体，并可能导致广泛的疾病，特别是在反刍动物中。为了深入了解这些细胞内细菌的流行率和多样性，我们应用了泛衣原体实时聚合酶链式反应对来自130个突尼斯反刍动物群体的1134个兽医样本进行了检测。真正调整后的动物种群水平患病率在牛中为12.9%，在羊中为8.7%。此外，调整后的真实牛群水平衣原体流行率为80%，绵羊为25.5%。从三个家族水平的谱系中检测到衣原体，表明反刍动物群体中衣原体具有很高的多样性。我们的结果表明棘阿米巴副原虫可能是突尼斯中东部牛羊衣原体病的致病原因。动物种群水平的多因素Logistic回归分析表明，层级变量和消化紊乱变量是牛羊衣原体感染的重要危险因素。然而，起源变量和年龄变量被发现分别与牛和羊衣原体病有关。在群体水平上，影响沙眼衣原体阳性的危险因素依次为：流产和牛群规模不利于繁殖系统、清洗频率、检疫、消毒剂的使用和绵羊的地板类型。关注这些危险因素将有助于改善对这种有害的人畜共患病的控制方案。
Chlamydia and Chlamydia-like bacteria are well known to infect several organisms and may cause a wide range of diseases, particularly in ruminants. To gain insight into the prevalence and diversity of these intracellular bacteria, we applied a pan-Chlamydiales real-time PCR to 1,134 veterinary samples taken from 130 Tunisian ruminant herds. The true adjusted animal population-level prevalence was 12.9% in cattle, against 8.7% in sheep. In addition, the true adjusted herd-level prevalence of Chlamydiae was 80% in cattle and 25.5% in sheep. Chlamydiales from three family-level lineages were detected indicating a high biodiversity of Chlamydiales in ruminant herds. Our results showed that Parachlamydia acanthamoebae could be responsible for bovine and ovine chlamydiosis in central-eastern Tunisia. Multivariable logistic regression analysis at the animal population level indicated that strata and digestive disorders variables were the important risk factors of bovine and ovine chlamydiosis. However, origin and age variables were found to be associated with bovine and ovine chlamydiosis, respectively. At the herd level, risk factors for Chlamydia positivity were as follows: abortion and herd size for cattle against breeding system, cleaning frequency, quarantine, use of disinfectant and floor type for sheep. Paying attention to these risk factors will help improvement of control programs against this harmful zoonotic disease.