Differences Between Health Workers and General Population in Risk Perception, Behaviors, and Psychological Distress Related to COVID-19 Spread in Italy
Differences Between Health Workers and General Population in Risk Perception, Behaviors, and Psychological Distress Related to COVID-19 Spread in Italy
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DOI：
10.3389/fpsyg.2020.02166
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发表时间：
2020-09-04
影响因子：
3.8
通讯作者：
Gnagnarella, Camilla
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Simione, Luca;Gnagnarella, Camilla
在这项研究中，我们调查了意大利医护人员和普通民众对新冠肺炎感染的风险感知和担忧。我们研究了这两组人在风险认知上的差异，以及这种差异与人口统计变量和心理因素(如压力、焦虑和死亡焦虑)的关系。为此，我们使用了一份关于新冠肺炎的在线问卷，并与其他评估参与者心理状况的问卷一起进行了调查。首先，我们发现，由于居住地区或工作而暴露的感染风险增加了感知到的压力和焦虑(即，相对于来自意大利中部和南部的医疗和非医疗参与者，意大利北部的医务人员更有压力和焦虑)。然后，我们对我们的数据进行了分层Logistic回归模型，以评估每个因变量相对于每个回归变量的响应优势比。我们发现，与普通人群相比，卫生工作者报告了更高的风险认知、担忧水平和与新冠肺炎感染相关的知识。心理状态、性别、居住地区与这些因素的相关性较小。相反，对行为和遏制规则的判断更多地与人口统计数据联系在一起，比如性。我们根据心理困扰的危险因素和可能的干预措施来讨论这些结果，以满足医护人员的心理需求。
In this study, we investigated the perception of risk and the worries about COVID-19 infection in both healthcare workers and the general population in Italy. We studied the difference in risk perception in these two groups and how this related to demographic variables and psychological factors such as stress, anxiety, and death anxiety. To this aim, we administered an online questionnaire about COVID-19 together with other questionnaires assessing the psychological condition of participants. First, we found that the exposition to infection risk, due to living area or job, increased the perceived stress and anxiety (i.e., medical staff in North Italy was more stressed and anxious with respect to both medical- and non-medical participants from Center and South Italy). Then, we conducted hierarchical logistic regression models on our data to assess the response odds ratio relatively to each regressor on each dependent variable. We found that health workers reported higher risk perception, level of worry, and knowledge as related to COVID-19 infection compared to the general population. Psychological state, sex, and living area were less related to these factors. Instead, judgments about behaviors and containment rules were more linked to demographics, such as sex. We discussed these results in the light of risk factors for psychological distress and possible interventions to meet the psychological needs of healthcare workers.