Cosmological variation of the deuteron binding energy, strong interaction, and quark masses from big bang nucleosynthesis
Cosmological variation of the deuteron binding energy, strong interaction, and quark masses from big bang nucleosynthesis
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DOI：
10.1103/physrevd.69.063506
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发表时间：
2003-10
影响因子：
5
通讯作者：
Vladimir Dmitriev;Vladimir Dmitriev;V. Flambaum;V. Flambaum;J. Webb
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Vladimir Dmitriev;Vladimir Dmitriev;V. Flambaum;V. Flambaum;J. Webb
我们使用大爆炸核合成计算和轻元素丰度数据来约束自宇宙诞生几分钟以来氘核结合能的相对变化，$\ensuremath{\delta}Q=Q(\mathrm{BBN})\ensuremath{-}Q(\mathrm{present}).$采用了两种方法，首先将重子与光子之比$\ensuremath{\eta}$作为自由参数；但是，由于使用$\ensuremath{\eta}$的WMAP值和只求解$\ensuremath{\delta}Q.$来改变$\ensuremath{\delta}Q,$和second的额外自由，包括变化的Q比施加当前的值更符合观测数据，纠正了${}^{4}\mathrm{He}$丰度与氘和${}^{7}\mathrm{Li}$丰度之间的差异，并与独立确定的${\ensuremath{\eta}}_{\mathrm{WMAP}}.$有很好的一致性，使用${\ensuremath{\eta}}_{\mathrm{WMAP}},$，与数据一致的最小偏差在$4\ensuremath{\sigma}$水平左右显著；$\ensuremath{\delta}Q/Q=\ensuremath{-}0.019\ifmmode\pm\else\textpm\fi{}0.005.$如果原始的${}^{4}\mathrm{He}$丰度位于文献中值的低端，则这种偏差甚至更大，更具统计显著性。从表面上看，我们的结果可以解释为奇异夸克质量与强尺度的无因次比${X=m}_{s}/{\ensuremath{\Lambda}}_{\mathrm{QCD}}$的变化：$\ensuremath{\delta}X/X=(1.1\ifmmode\pm\else\textpm\fi{}0.3)\ifmmode\times\else\texttimes\fi{}{10}^{\ensuremath{-}3}.$这些结果为更深入地探索轻元素丰度数据中潜在的系统误差提供了强大的动力。
We use big bang nucleosynthesis calculations and light element abundance data to constrain the relative variation of the deuteron binding energy since the Universe was a few minutes old, $\ensuremath{\delta}Q=Q(\mathrm{BBN})\ensuremath{-}Q(\mathrm{present}).$ Two approaches are used, first treating the baryon to photon ratio $\ensuremath{\eta}$ as a free parameter, but with the additional freedom of varying $\ensuremath{\delta}Q,$ and second using the WMAP value of $\ensuremath{\eta}$ and solving only for $\ensuremath{\delta}Q.$ Including varying Q yields a better fit to the observational data than imposing the present day value, rectifying the discrepancy between the ${}^{4}\mathrm{He}$ abundance and the deuterium and ${}^{7}\mathrm{Li}$ abundances, and yields good agreement with the independently determined ${\ensuremath{\eta}}_{\mathrm{WMAP}}.$ Using ${\ensuremath{\eta}}_{\mathrm{WMAP}},$ the minimal deviation consistent with the data is significant at about the $4\ensuremath{\sigma}$ level; $\ensuremath{\delta}Q/Q=\ensuremath{-}0.019\ifmmode\pm\else\textpm\fi{}0.005.$ If the primordial ${}^{4}\mathrm{He}$ abundance lies towards the low end of values in the literature, this deviation is even larger and more statistically significant. Taking the light element abundance data at face value, our result may be interpreted as variation of the dimensionless ratio ${X=m}_{s}/{\ensuremath{\Lambda}}_{\mathrm{QCD}}$ of the strange quark mass and strong scale: $\ensuremath{\delta}X/X=(1.1\ifmmode\pm\else\textpm\fi{}0.3)\ifmmode\times\else\texttimes\fi{}{10}^{\ensuremath{-}3}.$ These results provide a strong motivation for a more thorough exploration of the potential systematic errors in the light element abundance data.