Digital inequalities in the age of artificial intelligence and big data
Digital inequalities in the age of artificial intelligence and big data
复制标题
DOI：
10.1002/hbe2.140
复制
发表时间：
2019-04-01
影响因子：
10.3
通讯作者：
Lutz, Christoph
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Lutz, Christoph
在这篇文献综述中，我总结了关于数字不平等的大量学术文献中的关键概念和发现。我建议，数字不平等研究应该更多地研究与劳动力和大数据相关的问题，如在线劳动力市场的不平等，以及算法决策对弱势群体的负面影响。这篇文章涉及到关于数字不平等的社会学文献，并解释了基于第一、第二和第三级数字鸿沟的区别来处理数字不平等的一般方法。首先，讨论了获取数字技术方面的不平等。这一讨论扩展到新兴技术，包括物联网和智能扬声器等人工智能驱动的系统。其次，回顾了数字技能和技术使用方面的不平等，并将其与分享经济或零工经济等新工作形式的论述联系起来。第三，也是最后一点，讨论数字技术使用的结果，无论是好处还是伤害。在这里，我建议将数字不平等文献与关键的算法研究和最近关于数据通信、数字足迹和信息隐私的讨论更紧密地结合在一起。
In this literature review, I summarize key concepts and findings from the rich academic literature on digital inequalities. I propose that digital inequalities research should look more into labor- and big data-related questions such as inequalities in online labor markets and the negative effects of algorithmic decision-making for vulnerable population groups. The article engages with the sociological literature on digital inequalities and explains the general approach to digital inequalities, based on the distinction of first-, second-, and third-level digital divides. First, inequalities in access to digital technologies are discussed. This discussion is extended to emerging technologies, including the Internet-of-things and artificial intelligence-powered systems such as smart speakers. Second, inequalities in digital skills and technology use are reviewed and connected to the discourse on new forms of work such as the sharing economy or gig economy. Third and finally, the discourse on the outcomes, in the form of benefits or harms, from digital technology use is taken up. Here, I propose to integrate the digital inequalities literature more strongly with critical algorithm studies and recent discussions about datafication, digital footprints, and information privacy.