The Standardization of the Cognitive Emotional Regulation Questionaire (Cerq) on Romanian Population
The Standardization of the Cognitive Emotional Regulation Questionaire (Cerq) on Romanian Population
复制标题
DOI：
--
复制
发表时间：
2011-03
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Adela Perte;Mircea Miclea
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Adela Perte;Mircea Miclea
摘要 本研究介绍了罗马尼亚语版本的认知情绪调节问卷 (CERQ)。对来自全国不同地区的青少年、成人和精神病患者 (N = 1807) 的不同临床和非临床群体的心理测量特性进行了评估。结果为 CERQ 在人格特质、焦虑和抑郁症状、青少年和成人群体的应对措施、病理状况方面的可靠性和有效性提供了证据。结果表明，CERQ 是评估罗马尼亚人群认知情绪应对策略的有用工具。关键词：认知应对、情绪调节策略、有效性、情绪、消极生活事件 引言 应对是在某种情境或条件的背景下展开的过程，该情境或条件被认为对个人具有重要意义，并且需要消耗或超出个人的应对资源（Lazarus & Folkman，1984）。这是一个复杂的、多维的过程，对环境、需求和资源以及个性倾向都很敏感。 Monat 和 Lazarus (1991, p. 5) 提供了一个定义，将应对定义为“个人为满足被评估（或认为）超出或消耗了个人资源的要求（伤害、威胁、挑战的条件）而做出的努力”。文献中存在以问题为中心的应对（包括直接针对压力源的所有应对策略）和以情绪为中心的应对（指旨在调节与压力源相关的情绪的所有应对策略）之间的经典区别（Compas，Orosan，＆Grant，1993）。传统上，以问题为中心的应对策略被认为比以情绪为中心的应对策略更实用（Thoits，1995）。然而，指导许多应对研究的情境应对方法明确指出，应对过程本质上没有好坏之分（Lazarus & Folkman，1984），而是使用应对策略的方式、何时或持续多长时间，使其或多或少发挥作用。特定的应对策略可能在一种情况下有效，但在另一种情况下则无效，这取决于情况的可控程度（Folkman & Moskowitz，2004）。因此，我们不能说某种应对策略是好还是坏。当我们评估应对策略时，还需要考虑其他因素，例如背景、时间、压力源。应对策略在压力情况一开始可能被认为是有效的，但随后可能会无效（Folkman & Moskowitz，2004）。应对过程不是独立的过程；它们是在情感环境中发起的，因此我们在评估它们时必须考虑所有因素。该领域的研究表明，在整个压力过程中，应对与情绪（尤其是痛苦）的调节密切相关，某些类型的逃避现实应对策略始终与不良的心理健康结果相关，而其他类型的应对有时与消极结果相关，有时与积极结果相关（Folkman＆Moskowitz，2004）。情绪调节被认为是决定健康和/或成功运作的重要因素。 （Cicchetti、Ackerman 和 Izard，1995；Thompson，1991）。在文献中，情绪调节和应对的概念经常互换使用。一般来说，这两个概念都可以理解为管理情绪唤起信息的摄入的认知方式。 （汤普森，1991）。认知或认知过程帮助我们在经历威胁或压力事件期间或之后管理或调节情绪或感觉，以保持对它们的控制和/或不被它们淹没。有关应对的研究试图解释为什么有些人在生活中遇到威胁、负面事件和压力时反应比其他人更好。 ……
ABSTRACT This study presents the Romanian version of the Cognitive Emotional Regulation Questionnaire (CERQ). Psychometric properties were assessed in different clinical and non-clinical groups of adolescents, adults and psychiatric patients (N = 1807) from different parts of the country. Results provide evidence for the reliability and validity of CERQ in relation to personality traits, symptoms of anxiety and depression, coping measures for the adolescent and adult groups, pathological conditions. The results show that CERQ is a useful instrument for assessing cognitive emotional coping strategies in the Romanian population. KEYWORDS: cognitive coping, emotion regulation strategies, validity, emotions, negative life events INTRODUCTION Coping is a process that unfolds in the context of a situation or condition that is appraised as personally significant and as taxing or exceeding the individual's resources for coping (Lazarus & Folkman, 1984). It is a complex, multidimensional process that is sensitive both to environment, its demands and resources, and to personality dispositions. Monat and Lazarus (1991, p. 5) offer a definition that refers to coping as the "individual's efforts to master demands (conditions of harm, threat, challenge) that are appraised (or perceived) as exceeding or taxing one's resources". There is a classic distinction in the literature between problem focused coping (includes all coping strategies addressing directly the stressor), and emotion focused coping (refers to all coping strategies aimed at regulating the emotions associated with the stressor) (Compas, Orosan, & Grant, 1993). Traditionally, problem focused coping strategies were considered more functional than emotion focused coping strategies (Thoits, 1995). However, the contextual approach to coping that guides much of coping research states explicitly that coping processes are not inherently good or bad (Lazarus & Folkman, 1984), rather the way that a coping strategy is being used, when or for how long, makes it more or less functional. A given coping strategy may be effective in one situation, but not in another, depending, for example, on the extent to which a situation is controllable (Folkman & Moskowitz, 2004). Hence, we cannot say that a certain coping strategy is a good one or a bad one. There are other factors that need to be considered when we evaluate coping strategies, such as the context, the time, the stressor. A coping strategy might be considered effective at the outset of a stressful situation, but may be ineffective later on (Folkman & Moskowitz, 2004). Coping processes are not independent processes; they are initiated in an emotional environment, so we must take into account all the factors when we evaluate them. Research in the field has shown that coping is strongly associated with the regulation of emotion, especially distress, throughout the stress process and that certain kinds of escapist coping strategies are consistently associated with poor mental health outcomes, while other kinds of coping are sometimes associated with negative outcomes, sometimes with positive ones (Folkman & Moskowitz, 2004). Emotion regulation is assumed to be an important factor in determining well being and/or successful functioning. (Cicchetti, Ackerman & Izard, 1995; Thompson, 1991). In the literature the concept of emotion regulation and coping are often used as interchangeable. Generally speaking, both concepts can be understood as the cognitive way of managing the intake of emotionally arousing information. (Thompson, 1991). Cognitions or cognitive processes help us manage or regulate emotions or feelings, to keep control over them and/or not get overwhelmed by them, during or after experience of threatening or stressful events. Research regarding coping tries to explain why some individuals react better than others when encountering threats, negative events, and stress in their lives. …