A foundation for savantism? Visuo-spatial synaesthetes present with cognitive benefits
A foundation for savantism? Visuo-spatial synaesthetes present with cognitive benefits
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DOI：
10.1016/j.cortex.2009.07.007
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发表时间：
2009-11-01
期刊：
影响因子：
3.6
通讯作者：
Spiller, Mary-Jane
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Simner, Julia;Mayo, Neil;Spiller, Mary-Jane
具有“时空”通感的个体对时间和空间之间的映射有意识的意识（例如，他们可能会看到椭圆形排列的月份，或圆柱形或螺旋形排列的年份）。这些映射存在于身体周围的3D空间或心灵眼中的虚拟空间中。我们的研究表明，这些非同寻常的映射源于或产生了由这种跨模态现象（即，时间和视觉空间的能力）。我们测试了10个时空联觉与电池的时间和视觉/空间测试。我们的时间电池（爱丁堡[公共和自传]事件电池- EEB）评估自传和非自传事件的记忆。我们的视觉/空间测试评估了在3D空间中操纵真实的或想象的物体的能力（三维构造实践测试;视觉物体和空间感知成套测验，南加州大学心理旋转测试）以及评估视觉记忆回忆（视觉模式测试- VPT）。联觉者在每一项评估中的表现都上级对照组，但在不依赖于与他们的心理日历相关的能力的任务中并不上级。我们的论文讨论了这种时空优势的含义，因为它与正常加工、联觉加工和超常胸腺综合征的学者样条件有关（帕克等人，2006年）。(C)2009 Elsevier Srl. All rights reserved.
Individuals with 'time-space' synaesthesia have conscious awareness of mappings between time and space (e.g., they may see months arranged in an ellipse, or years as columns or spirals). These mappings exist in the 3D space around the body or in a virtual space within the mind's eye. Our study shows that these extra-ordinary mappings derive from, or give rise to, superior abilities in the two domains linked by this cross-modal phenomenon (i.e., abilities relating to time, and visualised space). We tested ten time-space synaesthetes with a battery of temporal and visual/spatial tests. Our temporal battery (the Edinburgh [Public and Autobiographical] Events Battery - EEB) assessed both autobiographical and non-autobiographical memory for events. Our visual/spatial tests assessed the ability to manipulate real or imagined objects in 3D space (the Three Dimensional Constructional Praxis test; Visual Object and Space Perception Battery, University of Southern California Mental Rotation Test) as well as assessing visual memory recall (Visual Patterns Test - VPT). Synaesthetes' performance was superior to the control population in every assessment, but was not superior in tasks that do not draw upon abilities related to their mental calendars. Our paper discusses the implications of this temporal-spatial advantage as it relates to normal processing, synaesthetic processing, and to the savant-like condition of hyperthymestic syndrome (Parker et al., 2006). (C) 2009 Elsevier Srl. All rights reserved.