Cerebral blood flow changes associated with fluctuations in alpha and theta rhythm during sleep onset in humans
Cerebral blood flow changes associated with fluctuations in alpha and theta rhythm during sleep onset in humans
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DOI：
10.1113/jphysiol.2005.092577
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发表时间：
2005-10-01
影响因子：
5.5
通讯作者：
Corfield, DR
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Kotajima, F;Meadows, GE;Corfield, DR
与清醒状态相比，稳定的非快速眼动(Non-REM)睡眠期间的脑血流量(CBF)通常减少。目前还不知道这些变化是在睡眠周期中何时发生的。然而，在睡眠开始时，阿尔法和西塔节律的自发波动与心肺控制的显著变化有关。这项研究的目的是检验这一假设，即CBF的变化将发生在睡眠开始期间，并将与皮质活动的变化有关。应用经颅多普勒超声检测10例健康人大脑中动脉血流速度(MCAV)。同时监测睡眠状态、通气量、呼气末二氧化碳分压(P-ET)、动脉血氧饱和度(S-AO2)、平均动脉压(MABP)和心脏R-R间期(RR)。从α节律转换到θ节律后，通气量(V-E)下降13.4%，潮气量(V-T)下降12.2%(P&t；0-01)，P-ET(CO_2)增加1.9%(P&t；0.01)，呼吸频率(f(R))和S氧合无明显变化。MCAV增加9.7%(P<；0.01)，MABP降低3.2%(P<；0.01)，RR无明显变化。自发觉醒时，V-E增加13.3%(P&t；0.01)，V-T增加11.4%(P&t；0.01)，P-ET、CO_2降低1.9%(P&t；0.01)，MCAV降低11.1%(P&t；0.01)，平均动脉压降低7.5%，F(R)、S-AO2、RR无明显变化。入睡期间MCAV的这些变化不能归因于通气量或MABP的变化。我们推测，入睡期间脑血管张力的变化是由与皮质状态变化相关的调节机制介导的，这些机制不同于与稳定的非快速眼动睡眠相关的长期CBF减少的调节机制。
Cerebral blood flow (CBF) is typically reduced during stable non-rapid eye movement (non-REM) sleep compared with the waking level. It is not known when in the sleep cycle these changes occur. However, spontaneous fluctuations in alpha and theta rhythm during sleep onset are associated with marked changes in cardio-respiratory control. The aim of this study was to test the hypothesis that changes in CBF would occur during sleep onset and would be related to changes in cortical activity. Middle cerebral artery velocity (MCAV) was measured using transcranial Doppler ultrasound, as an index of CBF, in 10 healthy subjects. Sleep state, ventilation, end tidal carbon dioxide (P-ET,(CO2)), arterial oxygen saturation (S-aO2) mean arterial blood pressure (MABP) and cardiac R-R interval (RR) were monitored simultaneously. Immediately following the transition from alpha to theta rhythm (the transition from wake to sleep), ventilation (V-E) decreased by 13.4% and tidal volume (V-T) by 12.2% (P < 0-01); P-ET,(CO2) increased by 1.9% (P < 0.01); respiratory frequency (f(R)) and S-aO2, did not change significantly. MCAV increased by 9.7% (P < 0.01); MABP decreased by 3.2% (P < 0.01) but RR did not change significantly. Immediately following the transition from theta to alpha rhythm (spontaneous awakening), V-E increased by 13.3% (P < 0.01); V-T increased by 11.4% (P < 0.01); P-ET,(CO2) decreased by 1.9%(P < 0.01); MCAV decreased by 11.1% (P < 0.01) and MABP decreased by 7.5%; f(R), S-aO2, and RR did not change significantly. These changes in MCAV during sleep onset cannot be attributed to changes in ventilation or MABP We speculate that the changes in cerebral vascular tone during sleep onset are mediated neurally, by regulatory mechanisms linked to the changes in cortical state, and that these mechanisms are different from those regulating the longer-term reduction in CBF associated with stable non-REM sleep.