Recent progress in cellulose biosynthesis
Recent progress in cellulose biosynthesis
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DOI：
10.1007/s10265-002-0037-7
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发表时间：
2002-08-01
影响因子：
2.8
通讯作者：
Kondo, T
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Kimura, S;Kondo, T
纤维素构成植物细胞壁的主要聚合物。它由一组由葡聚糖组成的平行链组成，并且这些链高度取向以形成称为微纤维的结构。微纤维的取向控制植物细胞方向的延伸。对纤维素生物合成的广泛研究已经进行了三十多年，最近（1996）分离了植物中纤维素生物合成的基因（CesA）。在2002年，已经发现了纤维素生物合成反应的特异性引物，并且纤维素合成活性也已经通过源自植物CesA基因的重组蛋白质得到证实。此外，除了CesA蛋白外，还提出了其他参与纤维素生物合成的蛋白质。这些蛋白质之一，Korrigan纤维素酶，被认为是通过从纤维素生物合成反应的引物中除去谷甾醇而起作用的。一个膜结合的蔗糖合成酶也被建议提供UDP-葡萄糖作为纤维素生物合成的底物。在这些结果的基础上。提出了纤维素生物合成的新途径。目前，纤维素生物合成的研究领域正面临着重大的转折。
Cellulose comprises the major polymer of the plant cell wall. It consists of a set of parallel chains composed of glucans and these chains are highly oriented to form a structure known as a microfibril, The orientation of the microfibrils controls the extension of the direction of the plant cell. Extensive studies on the cellulose biosynthesis have been carried out for over three decades, and recently (1996) genes for cellulose biosynthesis in plants (CesA) were isolated. In the year 2002, a specific primer for cellulose biosynthesis reaction has been discovered and cellulose synthetic activity has been also confirmed by recombinant protein derived from the plant CesA gene. Furthermore, other proteins involved in cellulose biosynthesis besides CesA proteins were also proposed at the same time. One of these proteins, Korrigan cellulase, was suggested to act by removing sitosterol from the primer for biosynthesis reaction of cellulose. A membrane-bound sucrose synthase was also suggested to provide UDP-glucose as a substrate for cellulose biosynthesis. On the basis of these results. a new pathway for cellulose biosynthesis was proposed. Now, the research field of cellulose biosynthesis is facing a major turning point.