The epidemiology and risk factors of chronic polyneuropathy.
The epidemiology and risk factors of chronic polyneuropathy.
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DOI：
10.1007/s10654-015-0094-6
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发表时间：
2016-01
影响因子：
13.6
通讯作者：
van Doorn PA
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Hanewinckel R;van Oijen M;Ikram MA;van Doorn PA
多发性神经病是一种周围神经的致残性疾病，其特征在于对称的远端麻木和感觉异常，通常伴有疼痛和虚弱。虽然这种疾病经常在神经科诊所遇到，并为医生所熟知，但发病率和患病率并不清楚。我们检索了EMBASE、Medline、Web-of-science、科克伦、PubMed Publisher和Google Scholar，以寻找调查多发性神经病患病率及其危险因素的基于人群的研究。在5119篇论文中，我们确定了29项合格的研究，包括11项上门调查研究，7项病例对照研究和11项队列/数据库研究。这些研究中多发性神经病的患病率差异很大。这可以部分解释为评估方案和研究人群的差异。一般人群中多发性神经病的总体患病率似乎在1%左右，在老年人中上升至7%。多发性神经病似乎在西方国家比在发展中国家更常见，有迹象表明女性比男性更经常受到影响。各国的风险因素概况各不相同。在发展中国家，传染病，如麻风病，是神经病的更常见原因，而在西方国家，特别是糖尿病，酒精过度消费，细胞抑制药物和心血管疾病更常见于多发性神经病。在所有研究中，相当大比例的多发性神经病病例（20- 30%）仍然是特发性的。这些研究大多是在15年前进行的。最近的证据表明，多发性神经病在一般人群中的患病率近年来有所增加。未来的研究是必要的，以确认这种增加的患病率，并确定新的和潜在的可改变的风险因素。本文的在线版本（doi：10.1007/s10654-015-0094-6）包含补充材料，可供授权用户使用。
Polyneuropathy is a disabling condition of the peripheral nerves, characterized by symmetrical distal numbness and paresthesia, often accompanied with pain and weakness. Although the disease is often encountered in neurological clinics and is well known by physicians, incidence and prevalence rates are not well known. We searched EMBASE, Medline, Web-of-science, Cochrane, PubMed Publisher, and Google Scholar, for population-based studies investigating the prevalence of polyneuropathy and its risk factors. Out of 5119 papers, we identified 29 eligible studies, consisting of 11 door-to-door survey studies, 7 case–control studies and 11 cohort/database studies. Prevalence of polyneuropathy across these studies varies substantially. This can partly be explained by differences in assessment protocols and study populations. The overall prevalence of polyneuropathy in the general population seems around 1 % and rises to up to 7 % in the elderly. Polyneuropathy seemed more common in Western countries than in developing countries and there are indications that females are more often affected than males. Risk factor profiles differ across countries. In developing countries communicable diseases, like leprosy, are more common causes of neuropathy, whereas in Western countries especially diabetes, alcohol overconsumption, cytostatic drugs and cardiovascular disease are more commonly associated with polyneuropathy. In all studies a substantial proportion of polyneuropathy cases (20–30 %) remains idiopathic. Most of these studies have been performed over 15 years ago. More recent evidence suggests that the prevalence of polyneuropathy in the general population has increased over the years. Future research is necessary to confirm this increase in prevalence and to identify new and potentially modifiable risk factors. The online version of this article (doi:10.1007/s10654-015-0094-6) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.