What is the Burden of Antimicrobial Resistance Genes in Selected Ready-to-Eat Foods?
What is the Burden of Antimicrobial Resistance Genes in Selected Ready-to-Eat Foods?
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特定即食食品中抗菌素耐药性基因的负担是什么？
DOI：
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发表时间：
2021
期刊：
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
Dr John Walshaw
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Dr Edward Haynes;C. Conyers;Dr M. John Kennedy;R. Macarthur;S. McGreig;Dr John Walshaw
这项研究旨在对52种简单的即食食品中抗菌素耐药性基因的存在和类型进行广泛的估计。它也是为了了解使用宏基因组测序（一种相当新的技术）来研究AMR基因的优点和缺点。抗菌剂是杀死或抑制微生物生长的任何物质。它包括用于治疗人类和动物细菌感染的抗生素。考虑到相关的选择压力，细菌本身可以改变并找到在抗菌剂作用下生存的方法。这导致细菌对抗菌剂的“杀伤”作用产生耐药性，称为“抗菌素耐药性”。我们使用抗菌剂和抗生素越多，我们使用它们的方式就会增加细菌对抗菌剂产生耐药性的机会。这一点很重要，因为它可能导致更难以用药物治疗的感染，并对公共健康构成风险。解决抗生素耐药性问题是英国政府的一项国家战略优先事项，因此制定了新的抗生素耐药性20年愿景和5年国家行动计划（NAP），该计划将持续到2024年。国家行动计划阐述了英国将如何应对抗生素耐药性挑战，并采取涵盖人、动物、农业、食品和环境的"一个健康"方法。《国家行动计划》中有一节专门论述了加强食品安全以限制食品污染和抗生素耐药性传播的重要性。本节强调需要通过研究、监测和促进整个食物链的良好做法来加强AMR和食品安全的证据基础。FSA正在发挥其作用，通过委托研究和监测，继续填补食品在AMR中发挥作用的证据空白。我们还在整个食物链中促进和改善英国食品卫生（“4C”信息），这将有助于减少AMR细菌的暴露。
This study was designed to get a broad estimate of the presence and the types of antimicrobial resistance genes across 52 simple ready-to-eat foods. It was also carried out to understand the benefits and drawbacks of using metagenomic sequencing, a fairly new technology, to study AMR genes. An antimicrobial is any substance that kills or inhibits the growth of microorganisms. It includes antibiotics which are used to treat bacterial infections in both humans and animals. Given the relevant selective pressures, the bacteria itself can change and find ways to survive the effects of an antimicrobials. This results in the bacteria becoming resistant to the ‘killing’ effects of antimicrobials and is known as ‘antimicrobial resistance’. The more we use antimicrobials and antibiotics and the way that we use them can increase the chance that bacteria will become resistant to antimicrobials. This is important as it can lead to infections that become more difficult to treat with drugs and poses a risk to the public health. T Addressing AMR is a national strategic priority for the UK Government which has led to the development of a new 20-year Vision for AMR and the 5-year National Action Plan (NAP), which runs until 2024. The NAP lays out how the UK will address the AMR challenge and takes a ‘One-Health’ approach which spans people, animals, agriculture, food and the environment. The NAP includes a specific section on the importance of better food safety to limit the contamination of foods and spread of AMR. This section emphasises the need to strengthen the evidence base for AMR and food safety through research, surveillance and promoting good practice across the food chain. The FSA is playing its part by continuing to fill evidence gaps on the role that food plays in AMR through the commissioning of research and surveillance. We are also promoting and improving UK food hygiene (‘4Cs’ messages) across the food chain that will help reduce exposure to AMR bacteria.