Overview of the MOSAiC expedition: Physical oceanography
Overview of the MOSAiC expedition: Physical oceanography
复制标题
DOI：
10.1525/elementa.2021.00062
复制
发表时间：
2022-02-07
影响因子：
3.9
通讯作者：
Zhu, Jialiang
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Rabe, Benjamin;Heuze, Celine;Zhu, Jialiang
北冰洋的性质和过程与区域和全球耦合气候系统密切相关，但在冬季观测很少。作为北极气候研究多学科漂流观测站（MOSAiC）的一部分，海洋团队进行了一整年的物理海洋学观测，这是2019年10月至2020年9月北极海冰的漂移。一个国际团队设计并实施了该计划，以前所未有的细节描述北冰洋系统，从海底到海-气-冰-海洋界面，从亚中尺度到泛北极。海洋测量与其他小组协调，以探索海洋物理学及其与气候和生态系统的联系。本文介绍了物理海洋学计划的主要组成部分，并补充了MOSAiC观测计划的其他团队概述。海洋小组的取样战略是围绕水文船、冰和自主平台测量设计的，以增进对区域环流和混合过程的了解。测量是按照常规的时间表进行的，也是为了应对风暴或开放的引线。在这里，我们提出了沿漂流时间序列的水文特性，允许洞察到的季节性和区域性演变的水柱从冬季在拉普捷夫海初夏在弗拉姆海峡：清新的表面，加深的混合层，增加温度和盐度的大西洋水。我们还强调了加拿大盆地深水入侵和表面融水层的铅的存在。MOSAiC很可能是有史以来在冰雪覆盖的北冰洋上进行的最全面的计划。虽然数据分析和解释正在进行中，但获得的数据集将支持广泛的物理海洋学和多学科研究。它们将为评估和提高北冰洋的建模能力提供重要基础。
Arctic Ocean properties and processes are highly relevant to the regional and global coupled climate system, yet still scarcely observed, especially in winter. Team OCEAN conducted a full year of physical oceanography observations as part of the Multidisciplinary drifting Observatory for the Study of the Arctic Climate (MOSAiC), a drift with the Arctic sea ice from October 2019 to September 2020. An international team designed and implemented the program to characterize the Arctic Ocean system in unprecedented detail, from the seafloor to the air-sea ice-ocean interface, from sub-mesoscales to pan-Arctic. The oceanographic measurements were coordinated with the other teams to explore the ocean physics and linkages to the climate and ecosystem. This paper introduces the major components of the physical oceanography program and complements the other team overviews of the MOSAiC observational program. Team OCEAN's sampling strategy was designed around hydrographic ship-, ice- and autonomous platform-based measurements to improve the understanding of regional circulation and mixing processes. Measurements were carried out both routinely, with a regular schedule, and in response to storms or opening leads. Here we present along-drift time series of hydrographic properties, allowing insights into the seasonal and regional evolution of the water column from winter in the Laptev Sea to early summer in Fram Strait: freshening of the surface, deepening of the mixed layer, increase in temperature and salinity of the Atlantic Water. We also highlight the presence of Canada Basin deep water intrusions and a surface meltwater layer in leads. MOSAiC most likely was the most comprehensive program ever conducted over the ice-covered Arctic Ocean. While data analysis and interpretation are ongoing, the acquired datasets will support a wide range of physical oceanography and multi-disciplinary research. They will provide a significant foundation for assessing and advancing modeling capabilities in the Arctic Ocean.