THE IMPACT OF 5 YEARS OF ANNUAL IVERMECTIN TREATMENT ON SKIN MICROFILARIAL LOADS IN THE ONCHOCERCIASIS FOCUS OF ASUBENDE, GHANA
THE IMPACT OF 5 YEARS OF ANNUAL IVERMECTIN TREATMENT ON SKIN MICROFILARIAL LOADS IN THE ONCHOCERCIASIS FOCUS OF ASUBENDE, GHANA
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DOI：
10.1016/0035-9203(94)90172-4
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发表时间：
1994-09-01
影响因子：
2.2
通讯作者：
SAMBA, EM
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
ALLEY, ES;PLAISIER, AP;SAMBA, EM
在登记伊维菌素(甲硝唑(注册商标))用于人类治疗盘尾丝虫病之后，西非盘尾丝虫病控制方案(OCP)于1987年开始了一系列试验，以确定该药物在大规模使用时的安全性及其控制发病率的潜力。本文报道了加纳Asubende全流行疫源地每年治疗前5年皮肤微丝虫病负荷的变化，该疫源地是最大的试验区，也是追踪调查时间最长的地区。一般观察到的模式是在每次治疗后不久微丝虫病负荷显着减少，随后皮肤稳定地重新聚集，直到下一轮治疗。从基线调查到最后一次治疗一年后观察到的微丝虫病负荷总体下降了90%，对于在所有5轮治疗中都接受药物治疗的队列人群来说，下降了93%以上。相比之下，在随后的治疗后，人群中的感染流行率只有非常缓慢的下降。该研究进一步强调，即使是伊维菌素的单一治疗也会对微丝虫病负荷产生重大的中期影响。治疗14-16个月后微丝虫计数几乎没有增加，在单一治疗2-4年后稳定在治疗前计数的55%左右。
Following the registration of ivermectin (Mectizan(R)) for human use in the treatment of onchocerciasis, in 1987 the Onchocerciasis Control Programme in West Africa (OCP) begun a series of trials in order to determine the safety of the drug when used on a large scale and its potential for morbidity control. This paper reports the changes in skin microfilarial loads during the first 5 years of annual treatment in the holoendemic focus of Asubende in Ghana, which was the largest trial area and which also had the longest series of followup surveys. The general observed pattern was a marked reduction of microfilarial loads shortly after each treatment followed by a steady repopulation of the skin until a subsequent treatment round. The overall reduction of microfilarial loads observed between the base Line survey and one year after the last treatment was 90% for the total population examined and over 93% for a cohort which received the drug at all 5 treatment rounds. In contrast, there was only a very gradual decrease in the prevalence of infection in the population after subsequent treatments. The study further emphasizes that even a single treatment with ivermectin has a significant medium-term impact on microfilarial loads. Microfilarial counts barely increased after 14-16 months of treatment and stabilized around 55% of pre-treatment counts 2-4 years after a single treatment.