Responses of soil enzymatic activities to transgenic Bacillus thuringiensis (Bt) crops - A global meta-analysis
Responses of soil enzymatic activities to transgenic Bacillus thuringiensis (Bt) crops - A global meta-analysis
复制标题
土壤酶活性对转基因苏云金芽孢杆菌 (Bt) 作物的反应 - 全球荟萃分析
DOI：
10.1016/j.scitotenv.2018.10.073
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发表时间：
2019-02-15
影响因子：
9.8
通讯作者：
Niu, Shuli
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Li, Zhaolei;Cui, Jun;Niu, Shuli
转基因苏云金芽孢杆菌(Bt)作物已被广泛种植，由此带来的环境风险已引起广泛关注。为了预测Bt作物对土壤质量的影响，必须了解Bt作物是如何改变土壤酶活性的，以及重要的影响因素是什么。我们收集了41篇已发表的研究Bt作物和非Bt作物土壤酶活性的论文的数据。结果表明，在不添加Bt残留物的情况下，Bt作物的脱氢酶和尿素酶显著升高，而中性磷酸酶显著降低。在Bt作物中加入Bt残留物后，脱氢酶、β-葡萄糖苷酶、尿素酶、硝酸还原酶、碱性磷酸酶和芳基硫酸酯酶的活性显著提高。其他酶的应答率无明显变化。一般来说，添加Bt残留物对土壤酶的响应比不添加Bt残留物的种植方式更好。此外，土壤酶的响应比率因Bt作物类型和生育期而异。转Bt基因抗虫棉的抗虫性最强，且显著反应一般出现在生育中期。土壤酶的反应更多地归因于Bt作物的特性，而不是不同地点的土壤特性。考虑到一些土壤酶对Bt作物的显著响应，我们建议对转基因作物的土壤环境风险进行仔细的评估。(C)2018爱思唯尔B.V.保留所有权利。
Transgenic Bacillus thuringiensis (Bt) crops have beenwidely planted, and the resulting environmental risks have attracted extensive attention. To foresee the impacts of Bt crops on soil quality, it is essential to understand how Bt crops alter the soil enzymatic activities andwhat the important influencing factors are. We compiled data from 41 published papers that studied soil enzymatic activitieswith Bt crops and their non-Bt counterparts. The results showed that dehydrogenase and urease significantly increased, but neutral phosphatase significantly decreased under Bt crop cultivationswithout Bt residues incorporation. The activities of dehydrogenase, beta-glucosidase, urease, nitrate reductase, alkaline phosphatase, and aryl sulfatase significantly increased under Bt crop cultivation with Bt residues incorporation. The response ratios of other enzymes were not significantly changed. Generally, the response ratios of soil enzymeswere greaterwith Bt residues incorporation than those of Bt crop cultivations without Bt residues incorporation. Further, the response ratios of soil enzymes varied with Bt crop types and growth periods. It was the strongest under Bt cotton among Bt crops, and the significant responses usually appeared in themiddle growth stages. The responses of soil enzymes ascribedmore to the properties of Bt crops than to soil properties across sites. Given - significant responses of some soil enzymes to Bt crops, we recommended that soil environmental risks should be carefully evaluated over the transgenic crops. (C) 2018 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.