A Unified Account of Quantifer Perspective Effects in Discourse
A Unified Account of Quantifer Perspective Effects in Discourse
复制标题
话语中量词视角效应的统一解释
DOI：
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发表时间：
2007
期刊：
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
L. Moxey
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
A. Sanford;Eugene J. Dawydiak;L. Moxey
正量词和负量词在理解者中引起两种截然不同的视角，这些视角在修辞和交际中有很强的应用。对这些建议进行了简要审查。一个潜在的机制，在早期的工作的基础上，介绍，休息的想法，消极量化的句子（如不是所有的男孩去了党）可能会被解释，既包括一个断言的金额，和一个假设的更大的金额。这个帐户，假设否认理论，提出了一个统一的机制，解释了各种各样的视角效果。在三项研究中对这一账户的直接预测进行了测试。特别是，我们发现，否认的语言指数几乎完美地预测了特定类型的焦点效应的发生率（研究1和3）。我们还表明，观察到的角度设置的否定量词依赖于整个量化的句子被处理，而不仅仅是量词（研究2）。这与否认方面是观点的核心是一致的。我们讨论了如何积极的量词也可以在框架内处理，导致独立确认的预测。最后，我们讨论了我们的帐户，目前的工作在语用学和语义学的关系。
Positive and negative quantifiers induce two very different perspectives in comprehenders—perspectives that have strong applications to rhetoric and communication. These are briefly reviewed. A potential mechanism, based on earlier work, is introduced, resting on the idea that negatively quantified sentences (like Not all of the boys went to the party) may be given interpretations that both consist of an asserted amount, and a supposition of a greater amount. This account, the supposition-denial theory, is proposed as a unifying mechanism that explains the variety of perspective effects. Straightforward predictions from this account are tested in three studies. In particular, we found that a linguistic index of denial almost perfectly predicted the incidence of particular kinds of focus effects (Study 1 and 3). We also show that the observed perspectives set up by negative quantifiers depend upon the whole quantified sentence being processed, not just the quantifier (Study 2). This is consistent with the denial aspect being central to perspective. We discuss how positive quantifiers may also be treated within the framework, leading to independently confirmed predictions. Finally, we discuss the relation of our account to current work in pragmatics and semantics.