COMPARISON OF NEW ANALEPTICS IN BARBITURATE-POISONED ANIMALS.
COMPARISON OF NEW ANALEPTICS IN BARBITURATE-POISONED ANIMALS.
复制标题
巴比妥酸盐中毒动物中新的兴奋剂的比较。
DOI：
--
复制
发表时间：
1964
影响因子：
3.5
通讯作者：
F. Plum
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
A. Polak;F. Plum
在巴比妥类中毒的动物中，对两种新的兴奋剂——地塞米凡（diethamivan）和多沙普仑（doxapram）进行了相互比较以及与贝美嗪（bemegride）的比较。通过给予呼吸停止剂量（RAD）的戊巴比妥的分数或倍数引起相当的通气不足和昏迷深度。确定了最小通气剂量和最小中毒剂量。多沙普仑的安全边际最宽，地塞米文的安全边际最窄。多沙普仑引起最深刻和持续时间的通气刺激，而地塞米最弱。通过输注给药时，Diethamivan9 的有效性得到改善，但这需要持续监测。没有药物能够可靠地逆转巴比妥引起的呼吸暂停，并且在接受三种兴奋剂中的任何一种的深度麻醉制剂中，行为唤醒是微不足道的。 Bemegride和地塞米文的主要毒性表现是抽搐。前者总是引起脑电图活动增加，后者仅在浅麻醉期间才会出现这种情况。多沙普仑在戊巴比妥 0.8 RAD 后从未诱发癫痫发作。它支持低血压动物的血压，但大剂量时会产生心血管毒性。有证据表明多沙普仑后出现快速耐受。多沙普仑是本研究中的最佳兴奋剂，尽管快速耐受限制了其重复有效性。多沙普仑在深度麻醉状态下从来不会出现惊厥。它的安全范围广，作用时间长，并且支持低血压动物的血压。这些特性证明了在临床药物中毒方面进行额外的严格控制的研究是合理的。
Two new analeptics, diethamivan and doxapram, were compared with each other and with bemegride in barbiturate-poisoned animals. Comparable hypoventilation and depth of coma were elicited by giving fractions or multiples of the respiratory arrest dose (RAD) of pentobarbital. The minimal ventilatory dose and minimal toxic dose were determined. Doxapram had the widest margin of safety, diethamivan the narrowest. Doxapram elicited the most profound and prolonged ventilatory stimulation, diethamivan the least. Diethamivan9s effectiveness was improved when given by infusion but this required continuous monitoring. No drug reliably reversed barbiturate induced apnea and behavioral arousal was insignificant in deeply narcotized preparations receiving any of the three stimulants. The chief toxic manifestation of both bemegride and diethamivan was convulsions; the former always evoked increased EEG activity, the latter did so only during light anesthesia. Doxapram never induced seizures following pentobarbital, 0.8 RAD. It supported the blood pressure of hypotensive animals but produced cardiovascular toxicity in large doses. There was evidence of tachyphylaxis after doxapram. Doxapram was the superior stimulant in this study although tachyphylaxis limited its repeated effectiveness. Doxapram was never a convulsant under conditions of deep narcosis; its margin of safety was wide, its action was prolonged, and it supported blood pressure in hypotensive animals. These properties justify additional well-controlled studies in clinical drug poisoning.