The Retrotransposon storm and the dangers of a Collyer's genome.
The Retrotransposon storm and the dangers of a Collyer's genome.
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DOI：
10.1016/j.gde.2018.04.004
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发表时间：
2018-04
影响因子：
4
通讯作者：
Dubnau J
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Dubnau J
就像纽约著名的Collyer豪宅一样，我们的基因组积累了大量被称为“垃圾DNA”的序列，其中大部分由反转录转座子组成。最近的文献建立了许多反转录转座子在正常衰老过程中逐渐以更高水平表达的现象学。这似乎反映了异染色质在老年时的逐渐丧失。此外，逆转录转座子似乎在经历神经退行性衰退的年轻动物的大脑中过早表达。虽然很难区分原因和后果，但最近的几项研究支持这样的论点，即逆转录转座子表达，甚至可能是转座，因果地促成了随着年龄的增长而出现的正常恶化和某些神经退行性疾病的急剧下降。这可能反映了一个两次打击模型，其中异染色质的正常年龄依赖性损失与遗传和环境应激引起的转录后沉默的破坏协同作用。
Like the famous Collyer’s mansion in NY, our genomes have accumulated vast quantities of sequences that have been referred to as ‘junk DNA’, much of which consists of retrotransposons. A recent literature establishes the phenomenology that many retrotransposons become expressed at progressively higher levels during the course of normal aging. This seems to reflect gradual loss of heterochromatin in old age. In addition, retrotransposons appear to be precociously expressed in brains of younger animals that are experiencing neurodegenerative decline. Although it is difficult to distinguish cause from consequence, several recent studies support the contention that retrotransposon expression, and even perhaps transposition, causally contribute to both the normal deterioration seen with age and to the precipitous decline in some neurodegenerative disorders. This may reflect a two hit model in which normal age-dependent loss of heterochromatin synergizes with a disruption to post transcriptional silencing of RTEs caused by genetic and environmental stress.
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影响因子：
64.8
作者：
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DOI：
10.1038/nrg3355
发表时间：
2013-02
期刊：
Nature reviews. Genetics
影响因子：
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作者：
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作者：
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通讯作者：
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