Active immunotherapy: current state of the art in vaccine approaches for NHL.

Active immunotherapy: current state of the art in vaccine approaches for NHL.
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DOI:
10.1007/s11912-012-0255-7
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发表时间:
2012-10
影响因子:
4.7
通讯作者:
Palomba, M. Lia
Palomba, M. Lia
中科院分区:
医学2区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Palomba, M. Lia

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癌症的免疫治疗是一个快速发展的领域,现在终于取得了长期应得的成功。随着免疫突触触发的新途径被阐明,以及负责免疫检查点的新分子被发现,越来越清楚的是,在非特异性免疫刺激的辅助下,针对单一抗原的疫苗接种不足以产生有效的、长期的免疫反应。虽然淋巴瘤是一种高度可治愈的恶性肿瘤,但仍有一部分患者即使在成功完成化疗或干细胞移植后,疾病复发的风险仍然很高。残留病极少的患者特别适合接种疫苗。在过去的三十年中,淋巴瘤特异性独特型疫苗的经典模型已经发展,最近关于非特异性寡脱氧核苷酸疫苗接种的数据提供了非常令人鼓舞的结果。此外,通过激动剂或拮抗剂单克隆抗体引入检查点阻断有望显著改善未来疫苗的功效。以下是淋巴瘤免疫治疗历史亮点的简要总结,以及最近发表的临床试验的最新进展和对未来发展的展望。
Immune therapy of cancer is a rapidly evolving field, with long-deserved successes now finally achieved. As new pathways triggered by the immune synapsis are elucidated, and new molecules responsible for immune checkpoints are being discovered, it is becoming clear that vaccination against a single antigen aided by non-specific immune stimulation is not sufficient for an efficient, long term, immune response. Though lymphoma is a highly curable malignancy, there is still a subset of patients that is at very high risk of disease relapse even after successfully completing chemotherapy or a stem cell transplant. Patients with minimal residual disease are particularly suitable for vaccination. Over the past three decades, the classic model of lymphoma-specific idiotype vaccine has evolved and recent data on vaccination with non specific oligodeoxynucleotides has provided very encouraging results. Furthermore, the introduction of checkpoint blockade via agonist or antagonist monoclonal antibodies holds the promise of significant improvement in the efficacy of future vaccines. What follows is a brief summary of the historical highlights in lymphoma immunotherapy as well as an update on the most recently published clinical trials and a look at future developments.
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