Vulnerability to life events: introduction of the vulnerability score and application to labor market demotion in Japan
Vulnerability to life events: introduction of the vulnerability score and application to labor market demotion in Japan
复制标题
生活事件的脆弱性：脆弱性评分的介绍及其在日本劳动力市场降级中的应用
DOI：
10.1007/s43545-021-00238-y
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发表时间：
2021
期刊：
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
Ishida Atsushi
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Maeda Yutaka;Ishida Atsushi
本研究的目的是介绍一种脆弱性分数，用于衡量个人遭受负面生活事件伤害的可能性，并使用2015年社会分层和流动性调查（SSM调查）的数据进行分析。脆弱性得分被定义为事件发生的概率与个人在特定社会和人口状况下预期受到的影响程度的乘积。这个定义也对应于风险的简单定义。分数可以分解为事件的子类别，也可以衡量子类别对事件整体脆弱性的贡献。分数可以在弱不混淆假设下的因果推理框架中理解。作为该评分的应用示例，我们分析了2015年SSM调查的数据（有效样本量为7817）。关注个人在劳动力市场中被降级到边缘地位作为触发事件，我们估计这一事件对个人的总体幸福感的潜在影响作为主观幸福感的一个特定维度，并衡量脆弱性如何根据不同的个人特征而变化。
The purpose of this study is to introduce a vulnerability score for measuring an individual’s potential to experience damage from negative life events as socially embedded hazards and to show analytical examples of this using data from the 2015 Social Stratification and Mobility survey (SSM survey), a national survey in Japan. The vulnerability score is defined as the product of the probability of the occurrence of an event and the degree of impact expected for individuals, given their specific social and demographic statuses. This definition also corresponds to a simple definition of risk. The scores can be decomposed into sub-categories of the event and can also measure the contribution of a sub-category to overall vulnerability to an event. The scores can be understood in the framework of causal inference under the assumption of weak unconfoundedness. As an example of the application of this score, we analyze data from the 2015 SSM survey (valid sample size 7817). Focusing on the demotion of an individual to marginal status in the labor market as a trigger event, we estimate the potential impact of this event on the individual’s general happiness as a particular dimension of subjective well-being and measure how vulnerability varies based on different individual characteristics.