International Myeloma Working Group risk stratification model for smoldering multiple myeloma (SMM).

International Myeloma Working Group risk stratification model for smoldering multiple myeloma (SMM).
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DOI:
10.1038/s41408-020-00366-3
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发表时间:
2020-10-16
影响因子:
12.8
通讯作者:
San-Miguel J
San-Miguel J
中科院分区:
医学1区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Mateos MV;Kumar S;Dimopoulos MA;González-Calle V;Kastritis E;Hajek R;De Larrea CF;Morgan GJ;Merlini G;Goldschmidt H;Geraldes C;Gozzetti A;Kyriakou C;Garderet L;Hansson M;Zamagni E;Fantl D;Leleu X;Kim BS;Esteves G;Ludwig H;Usmani S;Min CK;Qi M;Ukropec J;Weiss BM;Rajkumar SV;Durie BGM;San-Miguel J

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阴燃多发性骨髓瘤(SMM)是多发性骨髓瘤(MM)的一种无症状前驱状态。最近,MM被重新定义为包括预测SMM进展的高风险的生物标记物,因此有必要重新定义SMM及其风险分层。我们收集了一大批符合修订的IMWG标准的SMM患者,以开发一种新的风险分层系统。我们纳入1996例患者,通过逐步选择和多变量分析,我们确定了三个独立的预测2年后进展风险的因素:血清M蛋白和GT;2 g/dL(HR:2.1),与未受累的游离轻链比率>20(HR:2.7)相关,以及骨髓浆细胞浸润和GT;20%(HR:2.4)。这意味着两年进展风险增加的3个类别:低风险(38%;无风险因素,HR:1)6%;中等风险(33%;1个因素;HR:3.0);以及高风险(29%;2-3个因素)。加上细胞遗传学异常(t(4;14)、t(14;16)、+1q和/或del13q),可以将2年内进展风险分别为6、23、46和63%的风险分为4组(低风险为0,低中风险为1,中风险为2,高风险为≥3)。2/20/20风险分层模型可以方便地识别高危SMM,用于临床研究和常规实践,并将得到广泛应用。
Smoldering multiple myeloma (SMM) is an asymptomatic precursor state of multiple myeloma (MM). Recently, MM was redefined to include biomarkers predicting a high risk of progression from SMM, thus necessitating a redefinition of SMM and its risk stratification. We assembled a large cohort of SMM patients meeting the revised IMWG criteria to develop a new risk stratification system. We included 1996 patients, and using stepwise selection and multivariable analysis, we identified three independent factors predicting progression risk at 2 years: serum M-protein >2 g/dL (HR: 2.1), involved to uninvolved free light-chain ratio >20 (HR: 2.7), and marrow plasma cell infiltration >20% (HR: 2.4). This translates into 3 categories with increasing 2-year progression risk: 6% for low risk (38%; no risk factors, HR: 1); 18% for intermediate risk (33%; 1 factor; HR: 3.0), and 44% for high risk (29%; 2–3 factors). Addition of cytogenetic abnormalities (t(4;14), t(14;16), +1q, and/or del13q) allowed separation into 4 groups (low risk with 0, low intermediate risk with 1, intermediate risk with 2, and high risk with ≥3 risk factors) with 6, 23, 46, and 63% risk of progression in 2 years, respectively. The 2/20/20 risk stratification model can be easily implemented to identify high-risk SMM for clinical research and routine practice and will be widely applicable.
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