Herpes virus in juvenile Pacific oysters Crassostrea gigas from Tomales Bay, California, coincides with summer mortality episodes
Herpes virus in juvenile Pacific oysters Crassostrea gigas from Tomales Bay, California, coincides with summer mortality episodes
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DOI：
10.3354/dao063033
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发表时间：
2005-01-25
影响因子：
1.4
通讯作者：
Reece, KS
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Friedman, CS;Estes, RM;Reece, KS
太平洋太平洋牡蛎（Crassostrea gigas）和东太平洋牡蛎（C.在2002年6月至2003年4月期间，使用先前开发的PCR测试中的A引物组，检查了来自沿着美国东、西和南海岸的8个地点的virginica牡蛎的牡蛎疱疹病毒（OsHV）感染。自1993年以来，美国加州托马尔斯湾每年夏天都发生牡蛎死亡事件，只有幸存的太平洋牡蛎在2002年感染了疱疹样病毒。使用50和500 ng的模板量的PCR检测是OsHV检测所必需的。序列分析表明，Tomales Bay OsHV与法国鉴定的OsHV相似，除了在病毒基因组的917 bp片段中的单个碱基对替换。然而，与法国OsHV-1不同，Tomales Bay OsHV没有用第二个OsHV-1 PCR检测的引物对扩增，这表明这些病毒的进一步表征是必要的。在OsHV感染的牡蛎中没有观察到疱疹病毒感染或其他病原体感染特征的Cowdry A型病毒感染的证据。在感染的牡蛎中观察到以核固缩和碎片为特征的红细胞增多、渗出和血细胞变性，这与法国OsHV感染的先前观察结果一致。这些数据表明，OsHV可能与每年夏季太平洋牡蛎种子死亡率在Tomales湾观察到，但建立因果关系值得进一步调查。
Pacific Crassostrea gigas and eastern C. virginica oysters were examined between June 2002 and April 2003 from 8 locations along the east, west and south USA coasts for oyster herpes virus (OsHV) infections using the A primer set in a previously developed PCR test. Only surviving Pacific oysters from a mortality event in Tomales Bay, California, USA, where annual losses of oysters have occurred each summer since 1993, were infected with a herpes-like virus in 2002. PCR examination using template amounts of both 50 and 500 ng were essential for OsHV detection. Sequence analysis indicated that the Tomales Bay OsHV was similar to that identified in France with the exception of a single base pair substitution in a 917 bp fragment of the viral genome. However, unlike the French OsHV-1, the Tomales Bay OsHV did not amplify with the primer pair of a second OsHV-1 PCR assay, suggesting that further characterization of these viruses is warranted. No evidence of Cowdry type A viral infections characteristic of herpes virus infections or other pathogens were observed in OsHV-infected oysters. Hemocytosis, diapedesis and hemocyte degeneration characterized by nuclear pycnosis and fragmentation were observed in infected oysters, which is consistent with previous observations of OsHV infections in France. Together these data suggest that OsHV may be associated with the annual summer Pacific oyster seed mortality observed in Tomales Bay, but establishment of a causal relationship warrants further investigation.