Monogamy, strongly bonded groups, and the evolution of human social structure
Monogamy, strongly bonded groups, and the evolution of human social structure
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DOI：
10.1002/evan.21345
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发表时间：
2013-03-01
影响因子：
3.7
通讯作者：
Chapais, Bernard
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Chapais, Bernard
人类社会的进化通常是以零碎的方式处理的，研究集中在人类社会的特定组成部分的进化上，例如配对，合作狩猎，男性供应，祖母，合作繁殖，食物共享，男性竞争，男性暴力，性胁迫，领土和群体间冲突。任何一个这些组件的进化模型通常涉及两类问题，一个是关于组件的起源，另一个是关于它对人类认知和社会生活进化的影响。值得注意的是，很少有研究关注整合所有组成部分的实体，即人类社会系统本身的进化。这种社会制度的核心特征是人类社会结构，我在这里将其定义为所有人类社会在群体组成、交配制度、居住模式和亲属结构方面的共同点。关于人类社会结构演变的信息的缺乏造成了重大问题，因为这些信息对于评估人类社会任何特定方面的起源和影响是有用的，如果不是必不可少的话。
Human social evolution has most often been treated in a piecemeal fashion, with studies focusing on the evolution of specific components of human society such as pair-bonding, cooperative hunting, male provisioning, grandmothering, cooperative breeding, food sharing, male competition, male violence, sexual coercion, territoriality, and between-group conflicts. Evolutionary models about any one of those components are usually concerned with two categories of questions, one relating to the origins of the component and the other to its impact on the evolution of human cognition and social life. Remarkably few studies have been concerned with the evolution of the entity that integrates all components, the human social system itself. That social system has as its core feature human social structure, which I define here as the common denominator of all human societies in terms of group composition, mating system, residence patterns, and kinship structures. The paucity of information on the evolution of human social structure poses substantial problems because that information is useful, if not essential, to assess both the origins and impact of any particular aspect of human society.