Inactivation, Clearance, and Functional Effects of Lung-Instilled Short and Long Silver Nanowires in Rats.
Inactivation, Clearance, and Functional Effects of Lung-Instilled Short and Long Silver Nanowires in Rats.
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DOI：
10.1021/acsnano.6b07313
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发表时间：
2017-03-28
期刊：
影响因子：
17.1
通讯作者：
Porter AE
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Chung KF;Seiffert J;Chen S;Theodorou IG;Goode AE;Leo BF;McGilvery CM;Hussain F;Wiegman C;Rossios C;Zhu J;Gong J;Tariq F;Yufit V;Monteith AJ;Hashimoto T;Skepper JN;Ryan MP;Zhang J;Tetley TD;Porter AE
银纳米线(AgNW)有可能被吸入，但关于它们对健康的影响以及它们在体内肺部的化学转化的信息很少。我们研究了短(S-AgNWs；1.5μm)和长(L-AgNWs；10μm)纳米线注入SD大鼠肺内的作用。S-和L-AgNW均被巨噬细胞吞噬和降解，未见吞噬受阻现象。有趣的是，这两种AgNW都内化在肺泡上皮细胞中，Ag2S沉淀在其表面作为次要的Ag2S纳米颗粒。定量连续块面三维扫描电子显微镜显示，肺泡上皮细胞内的NW长度有少量但显著的减少。在肺的胸膜下间隙也有AgNW的存在，L-AgNWs暴露组与S-AgNWs暴露组相比，胸膜和胸膜下肺泡内可见更多的Ag+Ve巨噬细胞。两种AgNW均在第1天出现肺部炎症，第21天消失，但在支气管肺泡灌洗液中，L-AgNW引起迟发性中性粒细胞和巨噬细胞炎症，而S-AgNW仅引起急性一过性中性粒细胞炎症。S和L-AgNWs暴露后第7天，肺泡灌洗液中表面活性蛋白D(SP-D)水平升高。L-AgNWs诱导MIP1α，S-AgNWs诱导IL-18。L-AgNWs组大鼠对乙酰胆碱的反应性增强，而S-AgNWs组无明显变化。对AgNW滴注的减弱反应可能是由于Ag2S沉淀后的银钝化，并有限度地溶解。我们的发现对银基技术对人类健康的安全性具有重要影响。
There is a potential for silver nanowires (AgNWs) to be inhaled, but there is little information on their health effects and their chemical transformation inside the lungs in vivo. We studied the effects of short (S-AgNWs; 1.5 μm) and long (L-AgNWs; 10 μm) nanowires instilled into the lungs of Sprague–Dawley rats. S- and L-AgNWs were phagocytosed and degraded by macrophages; there was no frustrated phagocytosis. Interestingly, both AgNWs were internalized in alveolar epithelial cells, with precipitation of Ag2S on their surface as secondary Ag2S nanoparticles. Quantitative serial block face three-dimensional scanning electron microscopy showed a small, but significant, reduction of NW lengths inside alveolar epithelial cells. AgNWs were also present in the lung subpleural space where L-AgNWs exposure resulted in more Ag+ve macrophages situated within the pleura and subpleural alveoli, compared with the S-AgNWs exposure. For both AgNWs, there was lung inflammation at day 1, disappearing by day 21, but in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF), L-AgNWs caused a delayed neutrophilic and macrophagic inflammation, while S-AgNWs caused only acute transient neutrophilia. Surfactant protein D (SP-D) levels in BALF increased after S- and L-AgNWs exposure at day 7. L-AgNWs induced MIP-1α and S-AgNWs induced IL-18 at day 1. Large airway bronchial responsiveness to acetylcholine increased following L-AgNWs, but not S-AgNWs, exposure. The attenuated response to AgNW instillation may be due to silver inactivation after precipitation of Ag2S with limited dissolution. Our findings have important consequences for the safety of silver-based technologies to human health.