Neuropsychological performance, impulsivity, symptoms of ADHD, and Cloninger's personality traits in pathological gambling
Neuropsychological performance, impulsivity, symptoms of ADHD, and Cloninger's personality traits in pathological gambling
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DOI：
10.3109/16066359.2012.705399
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发表时间：
2013-01-01
影响因子：
2.9
通讯作者：
Allen, Jeff M.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Black, Donald W.;Smith, Megan M.;Allen, Jeff M.
病理性赌博（PG）是一种流行的公共卫生问题，与额颞叶功能障碍和适应不良的人格特质。为了进一步测试这些关联，我们评估了病理性赌徒（PG）和对照组的神经心理学表现。我们还检查了选定的人格特征和注意缺陷多动障碍（ADHD）的症状。受试者从社区招募。所有人都接受了一个全面的神经心理电池，ADHD评定量表，和人格测量，包括巴拉特冲动量表和一个版本的气质和性格清单。DSM-IV PG患者（n = 54）和对照组（n = 65）在年龄、性别和教育水平方面具有可比性。PG更有可能患有终生情绪、焦虑和物质使用障碍共病;反社会人格障碍;和其他冲动控制障碍。PG在威斯康星州卡片分类测验-64持续反应子量表和Trails B测验中的表现明显较差;他们的表现和全面智商也较低。PG的抑郁水平升高，ADHD症状，特质冲动，寻求新奇，避免伤害，但奖励依赖水平较低。高水平的自我报告冲动或ADHD症状的PG没有预测更差的神经心理性能。我们的结论是，PG执行功能的两个措施比控制更差，并具有较低的智商。他们也有更多的精神共病，更高水平的特质冲动和ADHD症状，以及新奇寻求和伤害回避，但较低水平的奖励依赖。这项研究并不支持这样一种观点，即在PG中存在与高水平冲动或ADHD症状相关的神经心理学缺陷模式。
Pathological gambling (PG) is a prevalent public health problem associated with fronto-temporal dysfunction and maladaptive personality traits. To further test these associations, we assessed neuropsychological performance in pathological gamblers (PGs) and controls. We also examined selected personality characteristics and symptoms of attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). Subjects were recruited from the community. All received a comprehensive neuropsychological battery, the ADHD Rating Scale, and personality measures including the Barratt Impulsiveness Scale and a version of the Temperament and Character Inventory. People with DSM-IV PG (n = 54) and controls (n = 65) were comparable in age, sex, and education level. PGs were more likely to have comorbid lifetime mood, anxiety, and substance use disorders; antisocial personality disorder; and other impulse control disorders. PGs performed significantly worse on the Wisconsin Card Sort Test-64 perseverative responses subscale and the Trails B test; they also had lower performance and full scale IQs. PGs had elevated levels of depression, ADHD symptoms, trait impulsivity, novelty seeking, and harm avoidance, but lower levels of reward dependence. High levels of self-reported impulsivity or ADHD symptoms in PGs did not predict worse neuropsychological performance. We conclude that PGs performed worse than controls on two measures of executive function and had lower IQs. They also had more psychiatric comorbidity, higher levels of trait impulsivity and ADHD symptoms, and both novelty seeking and harm-avoidance, but lower levels of reward-dependence. This study does not support the notion that there is a pattern of neuropsychological deficits associated with high levels of impulsivity or ADHD symptoms in PGs.