Development and function of trophoblast giant cells in the rodent placenta
Development and function of trophoblast giant cells in the rodent placenta
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DOI：
10.1387/ijdb.082768dh
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发表时间：
2010-01-01
影响因子：
0.7
通讯作者：
Cross, James C.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Hu, Dong;Cross, James C.
滋养层巨细胞（TGC）是胚胎发育过程中最早分化的细胞类型，对着床和着床后胎盘形成的调节至关重要。TGC是单核和多倍体的，但是异质的和动态的。成熟胎盘中至少存在四种不同的TGC亚型，它们具有不同的细胞谱系来源。TGC的发育是复杂的，需要从有丝分裂到核内复制的细胞周期的转变，并且受到多种因素的调节。在妊娠早期，TGC介导胚泡附着和侵入子宫上皮，调节子宫蜕膜化，并与母体血液空间解剖形成暂时性卵黄囊胎盘。在妊娠后期，TGC分泌广泛的激素和旁分泌因子，包括类固醇激素和催乳素相关的细胞因子，以靶向母体生理系统，以使母体适当地适应妊娠和胎儿-母体界面，以确保血管重塑。大量TGC发育和功能缺陷的小鼠突变体为我们提供了对这些迷人细胞生物学的重要新见解。
Trophoblast giant cells (TGCs) are the first cell type to terminally differentiate during embryogenesis and are of vital importance for implantation and modulation of post-implantation placentation. TGCs are mononuclear and polyploid but are heterogenous and dynamic. At least four different subtypes of TGCs are present within the mature placenta that have distinct cell lineage origins. The development of TGCs is complex and requires transition from the mitotic to the endoreduplication cell cycle and is regulated by a wide variety of factors. During early gestation, TGCs mediate blastocyst attachment and invasion into the uterine epithelium, regulate uterus decidualization, and anatomosis with maternal blood spaces to form the transient yolk sac placenta. During later gestation, TGCs secrete a wide array of hormones and paracrine factors, including steroid hormones and Prolactin-related cytokines, to target the maternal physiological systems for proper maternal adaptations to pregnancy and the fetal-maternal interface to ensure vasculature remodeling. The large number of mouse mutants with defects in TGC development and function are giving us significant new insights into the biology of these fascinating cells.