Polygenic Risk, Personality Dimensions, and Adolescent Alcohol Use Problems: A Longitudinal Study
Polygenic Risk, Personality Dimensions, and Adolescent Alcohol Use Problems: A Longitudinal Study
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DOI：
10.15288/jsad.2017.78.442
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发表时间：
2017-05-01
影响因子：
3.4
通讯作者：
Dick, Danielle M.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Li, James J.;Savage, Jeanne E.;Dick, Danielle M.
目的：酒精使用问题在青春期很常见，可以预测成年后的严重负面后果，包括物质依赖和精神病理学。目前的研究探讨了酒精使用问题是由多基因影响驱动的概念，遗传影响可能通过多种风险途径间接影响酒精使用问题，包括个性差异。方法：我们采用全基因组方法，在两个独立的纵向人群样本中，即芬兰双胞胎队列（FinnTwinl2）和雅芳父母和儿童纵向研究（ALSPAC）中，研究酒精使用问题的遗传风险、人格维度和青少年酒精使用问题之间的关联。参与者是来自FinnTwinl 2的1，035名年轻人和来自ALSPAC的3，160名青少年。使用FinnTwinl 2的全基因组关联结果（关于精神疾病诊断和统计手册第四版定义的酒精依赖症状）计算ALSPAC的多基因风险评分（PRS）。一个平行的多中介模型进行了测试，以检查是否PRS和酒精使用问题之间的关联在16岁时评估可以解释的变化，在13岁时评估的人格维度，包括感觉寻求和消极情绪。结果：PRS轻微预测16岁的酒精使用问题，这种关联部分介导的感觉寻求。酒精使用问题的潜在风险的多基因变异可能会直接影响感觉寻求的效果，这反过来又会影响酒精使用问题的发展，在青春期后期。结论：这些研究结果有助于越来越多的证据，在青春期早期的感觉寻求的显着性作为一个潜在的组成部分，在风险途径的基础上发展的酒精使用问题。
Objective: Alcohol use problems are common during adolescence and can predict serious negative outcomes in adulthood, including substance dependence and psychopathology. The current study examines the notion that alcohol use problems are driven by polygenic influences and that genetic influences may indirectly affect alcohol use problems through multiple pathways of risk, including variations in personality. Method: We used a genome-wide approach to examine associations between genetic risk for alcohol use problems, personality dimensions, and adolescent alcohol use problems in two separate longitudinal population-based samples, the Finnish Twin Cohort (FinnTwinl2) and the Avon Longitudinal Study of Parents and Children (ALSPAC). Participants were 1,035 young adults from FinnTwinl2 and 3,160 adolescents from ALSPAC. Polygenic risk scores (PRS) were calculated for ALSPAC using genome-wide association results (on alcohol dependence symptoms as defined by the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, Fourth Edition) from FinnTwinl2. A parallel multiple mediator model was tested to examine whether the association between PRS and alcohol use problems assessed at age 16 could be explained by variations in personality dimensions assessed at age 13, including sensation seeking and negative emotionality. Results: PRS were marginally predictive of age 16 alcohol use problems; this association was partially mediated by sensation seeking. Polygenic variation underlying risk for alcohol use problems may directly influence the effects of sensation seeking, which in turn influence the development of alcohol use problems in later adolescence. Conclusions: These findings contribute to the increasing evidence regarding the salience of sensation seeking during early adolescence as a potential constituent in the risk pathway underlying the development of alcohol use problems.