The role of uncertainty, worry, and control in well-being: Evidence from the COVID-19 outbreak and pandemic in U.S. and China.
The role of uncertainty, worry, and control in well-being: Evidence from the COVID-19 outbreak and pandemic in U.S. and China.
复制标题
不确定性、担忧和控制对幸福感的作用：来自美国和中国的 COVID-19 爆发和大流行的证据。
DOI：
10.1037/emo0001163
复制
发表时间：
2022
期刊：
影响因子：
4.2
通讯作者：
O'Shea, Brian A.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Howell, Jennifer L.;Sweeny, Kate;Hua, Jacqueline;Werntz, Alexandra;Hussain, Maryam;Hinojosa, Bianca M.;Johnson, Angela E.;Lindgren, Kristen P.;Meese, William;O'Shea, Brian A.
对未来的不确定性往往导致对未来会带来什么的担忧，这可能对健康和福祉产生负面影响。然而，如果担心可以作为一种动力，促进努力防止不受欢迎的未来结果，这些负面后果的担心可能会减轻。在本文中，我们应用一种新型的不确定性、担忧和感知控制模型来预测在中国（研究1;在中国早期COVID-19爆发期间）和美国（研究2-4，2020年5月的4周内，2020年11月的4周内，以及2020年4月至11月期间的横断面）收集的四个样本的心理和身体健康状况。基于对情绪的“感觉就是行动”的方法，我们假设（并发现），对COVID-19风险的不确定性将预示着对病毒的更大担忧以及感染病毒的风险，而更大的担忧反过来又预示着更差的幸福感。我们还假设，并发现了一些混合的证据，即对COVID-19风险控制的看法缓和了担忧和幸福感之间的关系，当人们感到他们无法控制感染病毒的风险时，担忧与幸福感下降有关。这项研究是第一个证明从不确定性到幸福通过担心的间接路径之一，并证明了控制在调节不确定性和担心是否表现在不良幸福中的作用。
Uncertainty about the future often leads to worries about what the future will bring, which can have negative consequences for health and well-being. However, if worry can act as a motivator to promote efforts to prevent undesirable future outcomes, those negative consequences of worry may be mitigated. In this article, we apply a novel model of uncertainty, worry, and perceived control to predict psychological and physical well-being among four samples collected in China (Study 1; during the early COVID-19 outbreak in China) and the United States (Studies 2–4, during 4 weeks in May 2020, 4 weeks in November 2020, and cross-sectionally between April and November 2020). Grounded in the feeling-is-for-doing approach to emotions, we hypothesized (and found) that uncertainty about one’s COVID-19 risk would predict greater worry about the virus and one’s risk of contracting it, and that greater worry would in turn predict poorer well-being. We also hypothesized, and found somewhat mixed evidence, that perceptions of control over 1’s COVID-19 risk moderated the relationship between worry and well-being such that worry was related to diminished well-being when people felt they lacked control over their risk for contracting the virus. This study is one of the first to demonstrate an indirect path from uncertainty to well-being via worry and to demonstrate the role of control in moderating whether uncertainty and worry manifest in poor well-being.