Exploring the potentials of personalized ventilation in mitigating airborne infection risk for two closely ranged occupants with different risk assessment models.
Exploring the potentials of personalized ventilation in mitigating airborne infection risk for two closely ranged occupants with different risk assessment models.
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探索个性化通风在降低两个距离较近的居住者的空气传播感染风险方面的潜力，并采用不同的风险评估模型
DOI：
10.1016/j.enbuild.2021.111531
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发表时间：
2021-12-15
影响因子：
6.7
通讯作者：
Zhang C
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Liu W;Liu L;Xu C;Fu L;Wang Y;Nielsen PV;Zhang C
在2019冠状病毒病的背景下，对通风系统提出了新的要求，以减轻室内环境中的空气传播风险。个性化通风（PV）直接将清洁空气输送到居住者的呼吸区，被认为是一种很有前途的解决方案。为了探索PV在防止传染性气溶胶在近距离人员之间传播的潜力，使用两个具有三种不同相对方向的呼吸热人体模型进行了实验。雾化气溶胶被用来模拟在居住者之间传播的呼出液滴。采用4种风险评估模型，评价不同操作方式下PV对暴露或感染风险的影响。结果表明，与单独混合通风相比，PV可有效降低用户感染风险。PV的相对方位和运行方式显著影响其在机载风险控制中的性能。根据剂量反应模型评估，PV为9 L/s时，连续暴露2 h后，SARS-CoV-2感染风险降低65%，表明PV对空气传播具有有效的保护作用。而并排朝向是PV在空气风险控制中最关键的条件，因为它会加速感染性飞沫向旁边乘员的横向扩散。讨论了近距离居住者光伏系统的优化设计。用PV对四种风险评估模型进行对比验证，四种模型预测风险与PV的规律基本一致。讨论了这些模型的相关性和适用性，为室内非均匀分布病原体的风险评估提供依据。
In the context of COVID-19, new requirements are occurring in ventilation systems to mitigate airborne transmission risk in indoor environment. Personalized ventilation (PV) which directly delivers clean air to the occupant’s breathing zone is considered as a promising solution. To explore the potentials of PV in preventing the spread of infectious aerosols between closely ranged occupants, experiments were conducted with two breathing thermal manikins with three different relative orientations. Nebulized aerosols were used to mimic exhaled droplets transmitted between the occupants. Four risk assessment models were applied to evaluate the exposure or infection risk affected by PV with different operation modes. Results show that PV was effective in reducing the user’s infection risk compared with mixing ventilation alone. Relative orientations and operation modes of PV significantly affected its performance in airborne risk control. The infection risk of SARS-CoV-2 was reduced by 65% with PV of 9 L/s after an exposure duration of 2 h back-to-back as assessed by the dose–response model, indicating effective protection effect of PV against airborne transmission. While the side-by-side orientation was found to be the most critical condition for PV in airborne risk control as it would accelerate diffusion of infectious droplets in lateral diffusion to occupants by side. Optimal designs of PV for closely ranged occupants were hereby discussed. The four risk assessment models were compared and validated by experiments with PV, implying basically consistent rules of the predicted risk with PV among the four models. The relevance and applicability of these models were discussed to provide a basis for risk assessment with non-uniformly distributed pathogens indoor.
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影响因子：
5.2
作者：
Edwards, Nathan J.;Widrick, Rebecca;Espinoza-Calvio, Angelica
通讯作者：
Espinoza-Calvio, Angelica
影响因子：
11.4
作者：
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Smith, KR
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影响因子：
3.1
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通讯作者：
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影响因子：
8.4
作者：
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通讯作者：
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