EGOCENTRIC BIASES IN AVAILABILITY AND ATTRIBUTION
EGOCENTRIC BIASES IN AVAILABILITY AND ATTRIBUTION
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DOI：
10.1037/0022-3514.37.3.322
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发表时间：
1979-01-01
影响因子：
7.6
通讯作者：
SICOLY, F
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
ROSS, M;SICOLY, F
进行了 5 项实验，以评估记忆中信息可用性的偏差以及对先前小组互动期间发生的行动和决策的责任归属。抽样的 S 人群包括自然存在的讨论小组（本科生）、37 对已婚夫妇、校际篮球队的 74 名女性和 84 名男性运动员，以及在实验室聚集的本科生群体。数据为可用性和归因方面的以自我为中心的偏见提供了一致的证据：S 自己对联合产品的贡献更容易获得，即更频繁、更容易回忆起来，并且 S 比其他参与者归因于他们对团体产品承担更多的责任。此外，当团体产品受到负面评价时，归因于自我的陈述会被更准确地回忆起来，可用性偏差虽然没有消除，但也得到了减弱。当通过选择性检索过程使另一个 S 的贡献更容易被该 S 所利用时，该 S 就会相应地将更多的群体决策责任分配给共同参与者。考虑了自我中心偏见的决定因素和普遍性。（27 参考）（PsycINFO 数据库记录 (c) 2016 APA，保留所有权利）
Conducted 5 experiments to assess biases in availability of information in memory and attributions of responsibility for the actions and decisions that occurred during a previous group interaction. The S populations sampled included naturally occurring discussion groups (of undergraduates), 37 married couples, 74 female and 84 male players on intercollegiate basketball teams, and groups of undergraduates assembled in the laboratory. Data provide consistent evidence for egocentric biases in availability and attribution: The S's own contributions to a joint product were more readily available, ie, more frequently and easily recalled, and Ss accepted more responsibility for a group product than other participants attributed to them. In addition, statements attributed to the self were recalled more accurately and the availability bias was attenuated, though not eliminated, when the group product was negatively evaluated. When another S's contributions were made more available to the S via a selective retrieval process, this S allocated correspondingly more responsibility for the group decisions to the coparticipant. The determinants and pervasiveness of the egocentric biases are considered.(27 ref)(PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2016 APA, all rights reserved)