Nuclear-encoded synthesis of the D1 subunit of photosystem II increases photosynthetic efficiency and crop yield
Nuclear-encoded synthesis of the D1 subunit of photosystem II increases photosynthetic efficiency and crop yield
复制标题
绕过叶绿体合成 D1 可增加光合作用和作物产量
DOI：
10.1038/s41477-020-0629-z
复制
发表时间：
2020-04-20
期刊：
影响因子：
18
通讯作者：
Guo, Fang-Qing
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Chen, Juan-Hua;Chen, Si-Ting;Guo, Fang-Qing
热应激会损害光系统，尤其是光系统II（PSII），从而影响光合作用效率。为了抵消热损伤，引入了一种新的生物工程策略，通过在核基因组中热响应启动子的控制下表达 PSII 亚基 D1。该策略已经过测试，发现在拟南芥、烟草和水稻中有效。在光合生物中，光系统 II (PSII) 复合体是热损伤的主要目标。植物已经进化出一种修复过程来防止受损 PSII 的积累。 PSII的修复主要涉及蛋白质的从头合成，特别是叶绿体基因psbA编码的D1亚基蛋白质。在此，我们报道，核基因组中热响应启动子驱动的psbA互补DNA的同素异形表达足以保护PSII免于D1蛋白的严重丢失，并显着提高拟南芥、烟草和水稻转基因植物在热胁迫下的存活率。出乎意料的是，我们发现核源补充 D1 蛋白可通过提高净二氧化碳同化率以及生物量和谷物产量的增加，显着刺激转基因植物的生长。这些发现代表了生物工程植物在正常和热应激条件下实现高效光合作用并提高作物生产力的突破。
Heat stress damages photosystems, especially photosystem II (PSII), thus affecting photosynthetic efficiency. To counteract the thermal damage, a new bioengineering strategy is introduced by expressing a PSII subunit D1 under the control of a heat-responsive promoter in the nuclear genome. The strategy has been tested and found to be effective in Arabidopsis, tobacco and rice.In photosynthetic organisms, the photosystem II (PSII) complex is the primary target of thermal damage. Plants have evolved a repair process to prevent the accumulation of damaged PSII. The repair of PSII largely involves de novo synthesis of proteins, particularly the D1 subunit protein encoded by the chloroplast gene psbA. Here we report that the allotropic expression of the psbA complementary DNA driven by a heat-responsive promoter in the nuclear genome sufficiently protects PSII from severe loss of D1 protein and dramatically enhances survival rates of the transgenic plants of Arabidopsis, tobacco and rice under heat stress. Unexpectedly, we found that the nuclear origin supplementation of the D1 protein significantly stimulates transgenic plant growth by enhancing net CO2 assimilation rates with increases in biomass and grain yield. These findings represent a breakthrough in bioengineering plants to achieve efficient photosynthesis and increase crop productivity under normal and heat-stress conditions.