Flexible Coupling of Respiration and Vocalizations with Locomotion and Head Movements in the Freely Behaving Rat.
Flexible Coupling of Respiration and Vocalizations with Locomotion and Head Movements in the Freely Behaving Rat.
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DOI：
10.1155/2016/4065073
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发表时间：
2016
影响因子：
3.1
通讯作者：
Laplagne DA
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Alves JA;Boerner BC;Laplagne DA
四足哺乳动物通常在有节奏的运动中将呼吸与身体运动同步。在老鼠身上，快速呼吸与嗅觉行为中的头部运动相关联，但呼吸是否受到步幅动力学的影响尚不清楚。我们记录了雄性和雌性成年大鼠在社会环境中自由活动时的鼻压、头部加速度、瞬时速度和超声发声。我们使用了高速录像的步幅，以了解头部加速信号如何与运动相关，并开发了从记录的变量中识别嗅觉、行走、小跑和奔跑的技术。对呼吸和头部加速节律之间的同步性进行的定量分析表明，呼吸和运动运动是协调的，但与其他哺乳动物的研究结果相比，耦合较弱。我们最近的研究表明，在社交环境中表现良好的老鼠在运动时会产生高频率的超音波发声。因此，在快速移位期间，老鼠在超过一半的呼吸周期中发出发声。我们提出的证据表明，这些叫声的发出破坏了大步呼吸的携带。因此，这两个变量之间的耦合是灵活的，因此可以被其他行为需求所覆盖。
Quadrupedal mammals typically synchronize their respiration with body movements during rhythmic locomotion. In the rat, fast respiration is coupled to head movements during sniffing behavior, but whether respiration is entrained by stride dynamics is not known. We recorded intranasal pressure, head acceleration, instantaneous speed, and ultrasonic vocalizations from male and female adult rats while freely behaving in a social environment. We used high-speed video recordings of stride to understand how head acceleration signals relate to locomotion and developed techniques to identify episodes of sniffing, walking, trotting, and galloping from the recorded variables. Quantitative analysis of synchrony between respiration and head acceleration rhythms revealed that respiration and locomotion movements were coordinated but with a weaker coupling than expected from previous work in other mammals. We have recently shown that rats behaving in social settings produce high rates of ultrasonic vocalizations during locomotion bouts. Accordingly, rats emitted vocalizations in over half of the respiratory cycles during fast displacements. We present evidence suggesting that emission of these calls disrupts the entrainment of respiration by stride. The coupling between these two variables is thus flexible, such that it can be overridden by other behavioral demands.