THE REWARDS AND HAZARDS OF COMPUTER-SIMULATIONS
THE REWARDS AND HAZARDS OF COMPUTER-SIMULATIONS
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DOI：
10.1111/j.1467-9280.1993.tb00267.x
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发表时间：
1993-07-01
影响因子：
8.2
通讯作者：
LEWANDOWSKY, S
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
LEWANDOWSKY, S
尽管计算机模拟和其他建模工具在认知心理学中扮演着关键的角色，但它们的效用仍然受到一些心理学家的质疑。本文提供了几个例子来说明与模拟方法相关的回报和潜在危险。模拟可以提供消除新想法歧义所必需的正式框架，它们可以探索复杂模型的含义，它们可以预测看似违反直觉的发现或揭示隐藏的关系。与此同时，当计算机代码无意中与理论的预期规范不同时，或者当预测不是来自理论的基本属性而是来自建模者的实用选择时，必须小心避免可能出现的陷阱。
Although computer simulations and other modeling tools have assumed a pivotal role in cognitive psychology, their utility continues to be questioned by some psychologists. This article presents several examples that illustrate both rewards and potential hazards associated with the simulation approach. Simulations can provide the formal framework necessary to disambiguate new ideas, they can explore the implications of complex models, and they can predict seemingly counterintuitive findings or uncover hidden relationships. At the same time, care must be taken to avoid pitfalls that may arise when computer code inadvertently differs from the intended specifications of a theory, or when predictions derive not from fundamental properties of a theory but from pragmatic choices made by the modeler.