Externally Fired Micro Gas Turbine and ORC Bottoming Cycle: Optimal Biomass/Natural Gas CHP Configuration for Residential Energy Demand-猫眼课题宝

DOI：

10.1115/gt2015-43571

发表时间：

2015-06

期刊：

影响因子：

通讯作者：

中科院分区：

其他

文献类型：

作者：

S. Camporeale;Patrizia Domenica Ciliberti;B. Fortunato;M. Torresi;A. Pantaleo

与大型热电联产(CHP)电厂相比，小型热电联产电厂的电效率较低，在使用生物质燃料时尤其如此。在大多数情况下，同时使用热能和电力满足现场能源需求是实现可接受的全球能效和投资盈利的关键问题。然而，热需求遵循典型的每日和季节模式，并受气候条件的影响，特别是在住宅和第三终端用户的情况下。在供热需求低的时期，热电联产产生的大量热量会被排放出去。为了提高小型微型燃气轮机热电联产的电转换效率，可以在循环上安装一个底部ORC系统，但这一选择会降低热电联产的温度和可供负荷使用的热量。从这一角度出发，给出了由微型燃气轮机(MGT)和筑底有机朗肯循环(ORC)组成的满足典型住宅能源需求的小型热电联产电厂的热经济性分析结果。对于加顶循环，研究了三种不同的结构：1)天然气(NG)燃料的简单回收式微型燃气轮机，2)生物质和天然气(50%能量输入)为燃料的双燃料EFGT循环(DF)和3)生物质直接燃烧的外燃式燃气轮机(EFGT)。筑底循环是一个简单的饱和朗肯循环，有再生，没有过热。ORC循环和流体选择是根据涡轮出口处的可用排气温度进行优化的。研究评估了热能需求类型(寒冷、温和和炎热气候条件下的居民需求)和热电联产电厂运营策略(基本负荷、热力驱动和电力驱动运行模式)对以下三种配置的全球能效和盈利能力的影响：A)热电联产；B)MGT+ORC不热电联产；C)MGT+ORC热电联产。在所有情况下，都假定备用锅炉与负荷的热需求相匹配(由天然气或生物质供应)。该研究从以下方面探讨了封底ORC的盈利能力：(I)与天然气相比，较低的能源转换效率和较高的生物质投入率导致的投资成本较高；(Ii)封底ORC的热电联产效率更高，但成本更高，热能更少；(Ii)更高的一次能源节约和可用于电网的生物质电力上网电价收入。版权所有(2015)，ASME

Small scale Combined Heat and Power (CHP) plants present lower electric efficiency in comparison to large scale ones, and this is particularly true when biomass fuels are used. In most cases, the use of both heat and electricity to serve on site energy demand is a key issue to achieve acceptable global energy efficiency and investment profitability. However, the heat demand follows a typical daily and seasonal pattern and is influenced by climatic conditions, in particular in the case of residential and tertiary end users. During low heat demand periods, a lot of heat produced by the CHP plant is discharged. In order to increase the electric conversion efficiency of small scale micro turbine for heat and power cogeneration, a bottoming ORC system can be coupled to the cycle, however this option reduces the temperature and quantity of cogenerated heat available to the load. In this perspective, the paper presents the results of a thermo-economic analysis of small scale CHP plants composed by a micro gas turbine (MGT) and a bottoming Organic Rankine Cycle (ORC), serving a typical residential energy demand. For the topping cycle three different configurations are examined: 1) a simple recuperative micro gas turbine fuelled by natural gas (NG), 2) a dual fuel EFGT cycle, fuelled by biomass and natural gas (50% energy input) (DF) and 3) an externally fired gas turbine (EFGT) with direct combustion of biomass (B). The bottoming cycle is a simple saturated Rankine cycle with regeneration and no superheating. The ORC cycle and the fluid selection are optimized on the basis of the available exhaust gas temperature at the turbine exit. The research assesses the influence of the thermal energy demand typology (residential demand with cold, mild and hot climate conditions) and CHP plant operational strategies (baseload vs heat driven vs electricity driven operation mode) on the global energy efficiency and profitability of the following three configurations: A) MGT with cogeneration; B) MGT+ ORC without cogeneration; C) MGT+ORC with cogeneration. In all cases, a back-up boiler is assumed to match the heat demand of the load (fed by natural gas or biomass). The research explores the profitability of bottoming ORC in view of the following tradeoffs: (i) lower energy conversion efficiency and higher investment cost of high biomass input rate with respect to natural gas; (ii) higher efficiency but higher costs and reduced heat available for cogeneration in the bottoming ORC; (ii) higher primary energy savings and revenues from feed-in tariff available for biomass electricity fed into the grid.Copyright © 2015 by ASME

Externally Fired Micro Gas Turbine and ORC Bottoming Cycle: Optimal Biomass/Natural Gas CHP Configuration for Residential Energy Demand

文献摘要

被引文献

相似文献