Evidence for paralytic shellfish poisons in the freshwater cyanobacterium Lyngbya wollei (Farlow ex Gomont) comb. nov.
Evidence for paralytic shellfish poisons in the freshwater cyanobacterium Lyngbya wollei (Farlow ex Gomont) comb. nov.
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DOI：
10.1128/aem.63.8.3104-3110.1997
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发表时间：
1997-08-01
影响因子：
4.4
通讯作者：
Moczydlowski, E
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Carmichael, WW;Evans, WR;Moczydlowski, E
Lyngbya wollei (Farlow ex Gomont) 梳子。 nov.是美国东南部湖泊和水库中普遍存在的一种常年形成席状的丝状蓝藻，在小鼠生物测定中发现它能产生一种强效、急性致命的神经毒素。中毒症状与麻痹性贝类中毒相似。作为田纳西河谷管理局甘特斯维尔水库总体规划的一部分，对最近从美国南部其他地区入侵的一种形成席状的丝状蓝藻 L. wollei 进行了研究，以确定它是否能够产生任何已知的蓝藻毒素。三年来，在田纳西河上的阿拉巴马州甘特斯维尔水库 10 个地点采集了 91 个现场样本，其中 72.5% 有毒。有毒样品的最低100%致死剂量范围为150至1,500 mg kg冻干L. wollei细胞(-1)，大多数样品在500 mg kg(-1)时有毒。通过官方分析化学协会方法对麻痹性贝类毒素样品进行生物测定，结果显示石房蛤毒素当量范围为 0 至 58 mu g g（干重）(-1)，神经毒性化合物的特征，例如 C-18 固相萃取柱不吸附、C-18 高效液相色谱 (HPLC) 柱保留时间短、神经毒素与亲蛤蚌毒素蛋白的相互作用（一种可溶性石房蛤毒素结合蛋白）和电压敏感钠通道的外部阻断，导致我们发现这种神经毒素与石房蛤毒素有关，石房蛤毒素是导致麻痹性贝类中毒的化合物。迄今为止，通过比较 HPLC 荧光保留时间鉴定出的主要石房蛤毒素化合物是去氨甲酰膝沟藻毒素 2 和 3。没有证据表明麻痹性贝类毒素 C 毒素是由 L. wollei 产生的。五十场。将样品置于单藻培养物中并在规定的培养条件下生长。这些实验室培养的涡状乳杆菌菌株的毒性和中毒迹象与现场采集的样品相似。
Lyngbya wollei (Farlow ex Gomont) comb. nov., a perennial mat-forming filamentous cyanobacterium prevalent in lakes and reservoirs of the southeastern United States, was found to produce a potent, acutely lethal neurotoxin when tested in the mouse bioassay. Signs of poisoning were similar to those of paralytic shellfish poisoning. As part of the Tennessee Valley Authority master plan far Guntersville Reservoir, the mat-forming filamentous cyanobacterium L., wollei, a species that had recently invaded from other areas of the southern United States, was studied to determine if it could produce any of the known cyanotoxins. Of the 91 field samples collected at 10 locations at Guntersville Reservoir Ala., on the Tennessee River, over a 3-year period, 72.5% were toxic. The minimum 100% lethal doses of the toxic samples ranged from 150 to 1,500 mg kg of lyophilized L. wollei cells(-1), with the majority of samples being toxic at 500 mg kg(-1). Samples bioassayed for paralytic shellfish toxins by the Association of Official Analytical Chemises method exhibited saxitoxin equivalents ranging from 0 to 58 mu g g (dry weight)(-1), Characteristics of the neurotoxic compound(s), such as the lack of adsorption by C-18 solid-phase extraction columns, the short retention times an C-18 high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) columns, the interact-ion of the neurotoxins with saxiphilin (a soluble saxitoxin-binding protein), and external blockage of voltage-sensitive sodium channels, led to our discovery that this neurotoxin(s) is related to the saxitoxins, the compounds responsible for paralytic shellfish poisonings, The major saxitoxin compounds thus far identified by comparison of HPLC fluorescence retention times are decarbamoyl gonyautoxins 2 and 3. There was no evidence of paralytic shellfish poison C toxins being produced by L. wollei. Fifty field. samples were placed in unialgal culture and grown under defined culture conditions. Toxicity and signs of poisoning for these laboratory-grown strains of L, wollei were similar to those of the field collection samples.